CAJ | 학술논문

为了寻找简易快速的小麦耐渍品种筛选方法和初步筛选芽苗期耐渍的小麦品种(系),以来源于不同麦区的155份推广品种和小麦高代品系为材料,在芽苗期进行人工模拟渍害处理,以正常水分为对照,分别测定不同品种(系)的发芽率、单株质量、根系质量,并计算单株渍害指数(PWI)和根系渍害指数(RWI),比较芽苗期不同小麦品种(系)的抗渍能力。结果表明,对于渍害后发芽率降低百分点(DPP 值)为0的品种,用 PWI 判断耐渍性,10.0以下为耐渍性强的品种；对于渍害后0< DPP 值≤40个百分点的品种,其芽苗期渍害后发芽率降幅(DG)和 RWI 显著相关,DG 在6.0%以下、RWI 在10.0以下的品种(系)耐渍性强,DG≤6.0%是初步判断耐渍性的最适指标；对于渍害后 DPP 值大于40个百分点的品种(系),DPP 值是芽苗期受渍害严重的指示指标；初步筛选出芽苗期耐渍性强的品种(系)28个,分别是渍害后 DPP 值为0、PWI 在10.0以下的郑麦9023、宁麦17、襄麦55等17个品种(系),以及 DG 在6.0%以下且 RWI 在10.0以下的镇麦5号、晋麦91、郑麦2956等11个品种(系)。濮麦9号、西农957、CP93-10-3-2、郑麦7698等4个品种(系)的芽苗期耐渍性最弱。
위료심조간역쾌속적소맥내지품충사선방법화초보사선아묘기내지적소맥품충(계),이래원우불동맥구적155빈추엄품충화소맥고대품계위재료,재아묘기진행인공모의지해처리,이정상수분위대조,분별측정불동품충(계)적발아솔、단주질량、근계질량,병계산단주지해지수(PWI)화근계지해지수(RWI),비교아묘기불동소맥품충(계)적항지능력。결과표명,대우지해후발아솔강저백분점(DPP 치)위0적품충,용 PWI 판단내지성,10.0이하위내지성강적품충；대우지해후0< DPP 치≤40개백분점적품충,기아묘기지해후발아솔강폭(DG)화 RWI 현저상관,DG 재6.0%이하、RWI 재10.0이하적품충(계)내지성강,DG≤6.0%시초보판단내지성적최괄지표；대우지해후 DPP 치대우40개백분점적품충(계),DPP 치시아묘기수지해엄중적지시지표；초보사선출아묘기내지성강적품충(계)28개,분별시지해후 DPP 치위0、PWI 재10.0이하적정맥9023、저맥17、양맥55등17개품충(계),이급 DG 재6.0%이하차 RWI 재10.0이하적진맥5호、진맥91、정맥2956등11개품충(계)。복맥9호、서농957、CP93-10-3-2、정맥7698등4개품충(계)적아묘기내지성최약。
This research was carried out to explore the relatively simple and rapid screening method of wheat varieties tolerant to waterlogging at bud-seedling stage. 155 varieties or advanced lines collected from different wheat-planting areas were used as experiment materials,and the artificial simulation water-logging treatment was conducted,taking normal water condition as control. The germination rate,plant weight and root weight of wheat varieties were measured,and their waterlogging indexes and waterlogging tolerance were calculated and analyzed. The results showed that, when the decrease percentage point (DPP) of germination rate in some varieties was zero,plant waterlogging index(PWI) was used as the judging indictor of waterlogging tolerance,and the varieties with PWI below 10. 0 was taken as the strong waterlogging tolerant varieties. For the varieties with DPP value of 0—40 percentage points after waterlog-ging,the drop of germination rate(DG) had significant relations with root waterlogging index(RWI) at bud-seedling stage,and the varieties with DG below 6. 0% and RWI below 10. 0 showed strong waterlog-ging tolerance,so DG≤6. 0% was the optimal indictor of strong tolerance under waterlogging. DPP value above 40 percentage points after waterlogging was the indictor of serious damage for wheat in bud-seedling period. There were 17 genotypes(Zhengmai 9023,Ningmai 17,Xiangmai 55,etc. ) with DPP value of zero and PWI below 10. 0,and 11 genotypes(Zhenmai 5,Jinmai 91,Zhengmai 2956,etc. ) with DG less than 6. 0% and RWI under 10. 0,which all showed strong waterlogging tolerance at bud-seedling stage in the experiment. Four wheat varieties(Pumai 9,Xinong 957,CP93-10-3-2 and Zhengmai 7698) showed the weakest waterlogging tolerance in bud-seedling period.