CAJ | 학술논문

下颌第三磨牙的萌出可分为萌出前期：下颌第三磨牙在下颌升支底部发育，咬合面向近中倾斜；萌出期：牙胚沿牙体长轴移动，伴近中移动；萌出后期：下颌第三磨牙萌出到咬合功能位置后，终身伴有轴向和近中向的移动。影响下颌第三磨牙萌出间隙的因素包括下颌升支前缘的改建性骨吸收，下颌牙弓和牙槽向前的生长量，下颌体矢状向的生长量；影响下颌第三磨牙萌出角度的因素包括下颌第三磨牙的萌出间隙、牙根发育状况和患者的矢状骨型等。评价第三磨牙萌出间隙和萌出角度的手段有X线头颅侧位片、全颌曲面断层片和锥形束CT。拔除前磨牙对第三磨牙萌出的影响尚无定论。下颌第三磨牙的萌出受多因素影响，目前尚不能进行准确的预测。
하합제삼마아적맹출가분위맹출전기：하합제삼마아재하합승지저부발육，교합면향근중경사；맹출기：아배연아체장축이동，반근중이동；맹출후기：하합제삼마아맹출도교합공능위치후，종신반유축향화근중향적이동。영향하합제삼마아맹출간극적인소포괄하합승지전연적개건성골흡수，하합아궁화아조향전적생장량，하합체시상향적생장량；영향하합제삼마아맹출각도적인소포괄하합제삼마아적맹출간극、아근발육상황화환자적시상골형등。평개제삼마아맹출간극화맹출각도적수단유X선두로측위편、전합곡면단층편화추형속CT。발제전마아대제삼마아맹출적영향상무정론。하합제삼마아적맹출수다인소영향，목전상불능진행준학적예측。
The?mandibular?third?molar?eruption?is?commonly?divided?into?three?phases:?pre-eruptive?phase,?the?process?of?developing?at?the?bottom?of?mandibular?ramus?as?well?as?moving?forward;?pre-functional?eruptive?phase,?dental?germ?moving?along?the?axis?of?tooth?with?mesial?movement;?functional?eruptive?phase,?gingival?emergence?to?the?occlusal?plane.?The?factors?affecting?eruption?space?were?modeling?resorption?of?the?mandibular?ramus,?growth?amount?of?the?mandibular?arch?and?alveolar?bone,?sagittal?growth?amount?of?mandibular?body,?etc..?And?eruption?angulation?was?another?variable?associated?with?retromolar?space,?the?development?of?root,?sagittal?skeletal?classification,??etc..?As?for?the?methods?to?evaluate?eruption?space?and?angulation?of?third?molar,?cephalometric?radiograph,?panoramic?radiograph?and?cone?beam?CT?were?included.?However,?it?is?not?clear?whether?premolar?extraction?orthodontic?treatment?can?have?effects?on?the?mandibular?third?molar?eruption.?Other?factors?may?influence?the?angulation?and?position?of?the?mandibular?third?molar?and?that?it?is?not?possible?to?predict?exactly.