国际医药卫生导报
國際醫藥衛生導報
국제의약위생도보
INTERNATIONAL MEDICINE & HEALTH GUIDANCE NEWS
2015年
9期
1214-1216,1220
,共4页
徐志明%邓雪凝%吴彩威%陆敏芳%陈健安%黄应和
徐誌明%鄧雪凝%吳綵威%陸敏芳%陳健安%黃應和
서지명%산설응%오채위%륙민방%진건안%황응화
建筑卫生陶瓷%粉尘%粉尘危害
建築衛生陶瓷%粉塵%粉塵危害
건축위생도자%분진%분진위해
Building and sanitary ceramics%Dust%Dust hazard
目的 了解建筑卫生陶瓷企业粉尘危害现状,为制定预防控制粉尘危害措施提供科学依据.方法 对19家建筑卫生陶瓷企业进行现场卫生学调查和工作场所粉尘浓度及粉尘中游离二氧化硅(SiO2)含量检测.结果 检测121份工作场所沉积粉尘中游离SiO2含量为(29.0±15.4)％,建筑陶瓷企业粉尘中游离SiO2含量[(33.2±13.2)％]与卫生陶瓷企业[(28.9±13.0)％]相比,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).总粉尘时间加权平均容许浓度(总尘CTwA)为0.08～29.70 mg/m3,超标率19.6％(170/868),最高的超过职业接触限值28.7倍;建筑陶瓷企业总尘CTWA超标率(22.6％)明显高于卫生陶瓷企业(8.5％),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.001).呼吸性粉尘时间加权平均容许浓度(呼尘CTWA)为0.04～5.00 mg/m3,超标率为9.5％(77/811),最高的超过职业接触限值6.1倍.建筑陶瓷企业呼尘CTWA超标率(1 1.1％)显著高于卫生陶瓷企业(2.6％),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 陶瓷粉尘中游离SiO2含量高、总尘和呼尘CTWA超标率高,对作业工人健康危害较大,应进一步采取有效干预措施,控制陶瓷粉尘危害.
目的 瞭解建築衛生陶瓷企業粉塵危害現狀,為製定預防控製粉塵危害措施提供科學依據.方法 對19傢建築衛生陶瓷企業進行現場衛生學調查和工作場所粉塵濃度及粉塵中遊離二氧化硅(SiO2)含量檢測.結果 檢測121份工作場所沉積粉塵中遊離SiO2含量為(29.0±15.4)％,建築陶瓷企業粉塵中遊離SiO2含量[(33.2±13.2)％]與衛生陶瓷企業[(28.9±13.0)％]相比,差異無統計學意義(P＞0.05).總粉塵時間加權平均容許濃度(總塵CTwA)為0.08～29.70 mg/m3,超標率19.6％(170/868),最高的超過職業接觸限值28.7倍;建築陶瓷企業總塵CTWA超標率(22.6％)明顯高于衛生陶瓷企業(8.5％),差異有統計學意義(P＜0.001).呼吸性粉塵時間加權平均容許濃度(呼塵CTWA)為0.04～5.00 mg/m3,超標率為9.5％(77/811),最高的超過職業接觸限值6.1倍.建築陶瓷企業呼塵CTWA超標率(1 1.1％)顯著高于衛生陶瓷企業(2.6％),差異有統計學意義(P＜0.05).結論 陶瓷粉塵中遊離SiO2含量高、總塵和呼塵CTWA超標率高,對作業工人健康危害較大,應進一步採取有效榦預措施,控製陶瓷粉塵危害.
목적 료해건축위생도자기업분진위해현상,위제정예방공제분진위해조시제공과학의거.방법 대19가건축위생도자기업진행현장위생학조사화공작장소분진농도급분진중유리이양화규(SiO2)함량검측.결과 검측121빈공작장소침적분진중유리SiO2함량위(29.0±15.4)％,건축도자기업분진중유리SiO2함량[(33.2±13.2)％]여위생도자기업[(28.9±13.0)％]상비,차이무통계학의의(P＞0.05).총분진시간가권평균용허농도(총진CTwA)위0.08～29.70 mg/m3,초표솔19.6％(170/868),최고적초과직업접촉한치28.7배;건축도자기업총진CTWA초표솔(22.6％)명현고우위생도자기업(8.5％),차이유통계학의의(P＜0.001).호흡성분진시간가권평균용허농도(호진CTWA)위0.04～5.00 mg/m3,초표솔위9.5％(77/811),최고적초과직업접촉한치6.1배.건축도자기업호진CTWA초표솔(1 1.1％)현저고우위생도자기업(2.6％),차이유통계학의의(P＜0.05).결론 도자분진중유리SiO2함량고、총진화호진CTWA초표솔고,대작업공인건강위해교대,응진일보채취유효간예조시,공제도자분진위해.
Objective To provide scientific evidences for preventing and controlling dust hazard understanding the status of dust hazard in building and sanitary ceramics enterprises.Methods 19 building and sanitary ceramics enterprises were hygienicly investigated.The dust concentration in their workplaces and the content of free silica of the dust were detected.Results The detection of 121 copies of dust deposition at the workplaces showed that the content of free SiO2 was (29 ±15.4)％,was (33.2±13.2)％ in architectural ceramics enterprises,and was (28.9±13.0)％ in sanitary ceramics enterprises,with no statistical difference between these two enterprises(P ＞ 0.05).The dust's time weighted average concentration (total dust CTWA) ranged from 0.08 to 29.7 mg/m3,with a standard-exceeding rate of 19.6％(170/868) and a highest level 28.7 times the maximum occupation contact limiting value.Building ceramics enterprises' total dust CTwA exceeding standard rate (22.6％) was significantly higher than sanitary ceramicsenterprises'(8.5％),with a statistical difference(P ＜ 0.001).The respirable dust CTWA ranged from 0.04 to 5.00 mg/m3,with a exceeding standard rate of 9.5％ (77/811) and a highest level 6.1 times the occupation contact limiting value.Building ceramics enterprises' respirable dust CTWA exceeding standard rate (11.1％) was significantly higher than sanitary ceramics enterprises'(2.6％),with a statistical difference(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The content of free SiO2 and the total dust and respirable dust CTWA exceeding standard rates are high in ceramic dust,which is harmful to the health of the workers.Effective intervention measures should be taken to control ceramic dust hazard.
