CAJ | 학술논문

近年来随着二代测序等生物技术的的快速发展，蚊虫基因组学、转录组学、小RNA组学等领域的研究也得到了迅速提升。迄今为止，已有多种重要蚊媒包括冈比亚按蚊、致倦库蚊、埃及伊蚊等的基因组获得解析；不同蚊种的基因组大小差异很大，且与基因组中的重复序列的多少呈正相关；基因组序列为嗅觉相关基因、性别决定基因等蚊虫基因的克隆鉴定提供了便利。转录组研究则给蚊虫基因的功能分析带来了有效手段，吸血蚊虫的分子基础、唾液腺蛋白的分类构成以及滞育的发生机制等都借此取得了突破性发展。小RNA组研究则揭示miRNA和piRNA对蚊虫的卵巢发育和吸血消化具有调节作用，而且在蚊媒抗病毒免疫中起重要作用。总之，蚊虫的组学研究为其媒介生物学和传播疾病的防治，提供了广阔的、实用的大数据分析平台。
근년래수착이대측서등생물기술적적쾌속발전，문충기인조학、전록조학、소RNA조학등영역적연구야득도료신속제승。흘금위지，이유다충중요문매포괄강비아안문、치권고문、애급이문등적기인조획득해석；불동문충적기인조대소차이흔대，차여기인조중적중복서렬적다소정정상관；기인조서렬위후각상관기인、성별결정기인등문충기인적극륭감정제공료편리。전록조연구칙급문충기인적공능분석대래료유효수단，흡혈문충적분자기출、타액선단백적분류구성이급체육적발생궤제등도차차취득료돌파성발전。소RNA조연구칙게시miRNA화piRNA대문충적란소발육화흡혈소화구유조절작용，이차재문매항병독면역중기중요작용。총지，문충적조학연구위기매개생물학화전파질병적방치，제공료엄활적、실용적대수거분석평태。
Recently the studies on mosquito genomics, transcriptomics and small RNAomics developed rapidly with the novel biotechnologies of the next generation sequencing techniques. The genome sequences of several important vector mosquitoes including Anopheles gambiae, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Aedes aegypti have been published. The genome sizes vary among the different species of mosquitoes and are consistent with the number of the repeat regions. The released genome sequences facilitate gene cloning and identification as for OBP, OR and dsx genes. Transcriptomics provides a useful tool for functional analyses of the mosquito genes, and using this technique, the molecular basis of mosquito blooding, gland proteins and diapauses have been explored. Studies on small RNAomics suggest important roles of miRNAs and piRNAs in ovary development, blood digestion, and immunity against virus infection. The studies on mosquito omics have generated a big data platform for investigation of vector biology and vector-transmitted disease prevention.