CAJ | 학술논문

背景：精原干细胞具有分化、自我更新和增殖的能力，是可以实现将遗传信息稳定传递给下一代的一类成体干细胞，在医学、遗传学及动物学方面的应用前景广阔。目的：对精原干细胞的来源、生物学特性、自我更新和分化的分子调控、精原干细胞应用的相关研究成果进行了综述。方法：以“spermatogonial stem cel ，biological characteristics，self-renewal，differentiation”和“精原干细胞，生物学特性，自我更新，分化”为检索词，由第一作者检索1990至2015年PubMed和中国知网数据库，查阅与精原干细胞有关的文献，最终保留46篇文献进行分析。结果与结论：精原干细胞能够进行体外培养、冷冻保存和遗传修饰及同种或异种移植，这些特性将有助于解开精子发生的机制，为雄性不育症和遗传病的治疗提供新方法，也为青年肿瘤患者因放化疗带来的生殖细胞损伤带来新的希望。精原干细胞微环境、Plzf、GDNF、SCF/c-Kit 等相关信号通路对精原干细胞自我更新和分化的调控有重要作用。精原干细胞作为干细胞研究模型，将会使人们进一步了解干细胞的生物学特性，从而为医学、遗传学及动物科学方面开发奠定基础。
배경：정원간세포구유분화、자아경신화증식적능력，시가이실현장유전신식은정전체급하일대적일류성체간세포，재의학、유전학급동물학방면적응용전경엄활。목적：대정원간세포적래원、생물학특성、자아경신화분화적분자조공、정원간세포응용적상관연구성과진행료종술。방법：이“spermatogonial stem cel ，biological characteristics，self-renewal，differentiation”화“정원간세포，생물학특성，자아경신，분화”위검색사，유제일작자검색1990지2015년PubMed화중국지망수거고，사열여정원간세포유관적문헌，최종보류46편문헌진행분석。결과여결론：정원간세포능구진행체외배양、냉동보존화유전수식급동충혹이충이식，저사특성장유조우해개정자발생적궤제，위웅성불육증화유전병적치료제공신방법，야위청년종류환자인방화료대래적생식세포손상대래신적희망。정원간세포미배경、Plzf、GDNF、SCF/c-Kit 등상관신호통로대정원간세포자아경신화분화적조공유중요작용。정원간세포작위간세포연구모형，장회사인문진일보료해간세포적생물학특성，종이위의학、유전학급동물과학방면개발전정기출。
BACKGROUND:Spermatogonial stem cel s with abilities of differentiation, self renewal and proliferation are a kind of adult stem cel s that can transfer genetic information into offspring, which have great application prospects in medicine, genetics and zoology. OBJECTIVE:To review the source, biological characteristics, and application of spermatogonial stem cel s as wel as self-renewal and molecular regulation underlining these differentiations. METHODS:PubMed and CNKI databases were searched by the first author using key words of“spermatogonial stem cel , biological characteristics, self-renewal, differentiation”in English and in Chinese, respectively, to retrieve relevant articles published from 1990 to 2015. Literatures addressing spermatogonial stem cel s were included, and 46 articles were chosen for further analysis eventual y. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Spermatogonial stem cel s can be cultured in vitro, cryopreserved, and genetical y modified as wel as used for al ogeneic or xenogeneic transplantation, al of which contribute to understanding the mechanisms of spermatogenesis, thereby providing new means for treatment of male sterile disease and genetic diseases and providing new hopes for chemotherapy-induced germ cel damage in young cancer patients. Microenvironment and Plzf, GDNF, SCF/c-Kit signaling pathways can play an important role in the regulation of spermatogonial stem cel self-renewal and differentiation. As a cel model, spermatogonial stem cel s become an important tool for the researches on spermatogenesis mechanism, regeneration of spermatogenesis in sterile individuals and reproduction of transgenic animals.