林业科学
林業科學
임업과학
SCIENTIA SILVAE SINICAE
2015年
4期
156-163
,共8页
曲木子%谢会成%李传荣%王利
麯木子%謝會成%李傳榮%王利
곡목자%사회성%리전영%왕리
枫杨%幼苗%氟%生物积累%植物毒性
楓楊%幼苗%氟%生物積纍%植物毒性
풍양%유묘%불%생물적루%식물독성
Pterocarla stenoptera%seedlings%fluorion%bioaccumulation%phytotoxicity
【目的】探讨枫杨幼苗对氟污染的修复潜力。【方法】以枫杨当年实生幼苗为研究对象,采用溶液培养的方法,研究不同浓度、不同 pH氟离子胁迫下枫杨幼苗的根、茎、叶的氟含量、转移系数( Tf)、生物富集系数( BCF)的变化以及对枫杨幼苗的植物毒性效应。【结果】1)随着溶液氟离子浓度的升高,枫杨幼苗根、茎、叶的氟积累量逐渐升高,当溶液氟离子浓度为10 mmol·L -1时,枫杨幼苗根、茎、叶的氟积累量最高分别为1604.60,59.41,40.80 mg·kg -1。2)枫杨幼苗体内氟含量的分布存在2种情况:当培养液氟离子浓度为0.5~5 mmol·L -1时表现为根>叶>茎,在氟离子浓度为10 mmol·L -1时表现为根>茎>叶,转移系数( Tf)介于0.029~0.125之间,可能是过高的氟离子浓度使枫杨幼苗产生了严重的生理胁迫,影响了氟离子从茎向叶的运转。3)随着处理时间的增加,各处理组枫杨幼苗的相对标准蒸腾量均呈下降趋势,溶液氟离子浓度为5,10 mmol·L -1时,对枫杨幼苗蒸腾量变化的影响显著(P<0.05),对植物的毒性效应很强。4)枫杨幼苗根、茎、叶氟积累量在酸性环境中最大,氟转移能力也最强,在中性环境中表现一般;植物在酸性、中性环境中受到的伤害较大,植物生命活力低,而在碱性条件下时,不仅对枫杨幼苗的伤害小,而且除氟效果较好、持续性强。5)为了达到最佳的处理效果,当废水中氟离子浓度≤2.5 mmol·L -1时,可以选择在酸性条件下利用枫杨来处理;当氟离子浓度为2.5~5 mmol·L -1时,可选择在碱性条件下处理废水。【结论】枫杨幼苗积累氟的能力很强,氟转移能力独特,具有很高的耐氟性,枫杨适合于水体氟污染严重区域的水体净化和植物修复。
【目的】探討楓楊幼苗對氟汙染的脩複潛力。【方法】以楓楊噹年實生幼苗為研究對象,採用溶液培養的方法,研究不同濃度、不同 pH氟離子脅迫下楓楊幼苗的根、莖、葉的氟含量、轉移繫數( Tf)、生物富集繫數( BCF)的變化以及對楓楊幼苗的植物毒性效應。【結果】1)隨著溶液氟離子濃度的升高,楓楊幼苗根、莖、葉的氟積纍量逐漸升高,噹溶液氟離子濃度為10 mmol·L -1時,楓楊幼苗根、莖、葉的氟積纍量最高分彆為1604.60,59.41,40.80 mg·kg -1。2)楓楊幼苗體內氟含量的分佈存在2種情況:噹培養液氟離子濃度為0.5~5 mmol·L -1時錶現為根>葉>莖,在氟離子濃度為10 mmol·L -1時錶現為根>莖>葉,轉移繫數( Tf)介于0.029~0.125之間,可能是過高的氟離子濃度使楓楊幼苗產生瞭嚴重的生理脅迫,影響瞭氟離子從莖嚮葉的運轉。3)隨著處理時間的增加,各處理組楓楊幼苗的相對標準蒸騰量均呈下降趨勢,溶液氟離子濃度為5,10 mmol·L -1時,對楓楊幼苗蒸騰量變化的影響顯著(P<0.05),對植物的毒性效應很彊。4)楓楊幼苗根、莖、葉氟積纍量在痠性環境中最大,氟轉移能力也最彊,在中性環境中錶現一般;植物在痠性、中性環境中受到的傷害較大,植物生命活力低,而在堿性條件下時,不僅對楓楊幼苗的傷害小,而且除氟效果較好、持續性彊。5)為瞭達到最佳的處理效果,噹廢水中氟離子濃度≤2.5 mmol·L -1時,可以選擇在痠性條件下利用楓楊來處理;噹氟離子濃度為2.5~5 mmol·L -1時,可選擇在堿性條件下處理廢水。【結論】楓楊幼苗積纍氟的能力很彊,氟轉移能力獨特,具有很高的耐氟性,楓楊適閤于水體氟汙染嚴重區域的水體淨化和植物脩複。
【목적】탐토풍양유묘대불오염적수복잠력。【방법】이풍양당년실생유묘위연구대상,채용용액배양적방법,연구불동농도、불동 pH불리자협박하풍양유묘적근、경、협적불함량、전이계수( Tf)、생물부집계수( BCF)적변화이급대풍양유묘적식물독성효응。【결과】1)수착용액불리자농도적승고,풍양유묘근、경、협적불적루량축점승고,당용액불리자농도위10 mmol·L -1시,풍양유묘근、경、협적불적루량최고분별위1604.60,59.41,40.80 mg·kg -1。2)풍양유묘체내불함량적분포존재2충정황:당배양액불리자농도위0.5~5 mmol·L -1시표현위근>협>경,재불리자농도위10 mmol·L -1시표현위근>경>협,전이계수( Tf)개우0.029~0.125지간,가능시과고적불리자농도사풍양유묘산생료엄중적생리협박,영향료불리자종경향협적운전。3)수착처리시간적증가,각처리조풍양유묘적상대표준증등량균정하강추세,용액불리자농도위5,10 mmol·L -1시,대풍양유묘증등량변화적영향현저(P<0.05),대식물적독성효응흔강。4)풍양유묘근、경、협불적루량재산성배경중최대,불전이능력야최강,재중성배경중표현일반;식물재산성、중성배경중수도적상해교대,식물생명활력저,이재감성조건하시,불부대풍양유묘적상해소,이차제불효과교호、지속성강。5)위료체도최가적처리효과,당폐수중불리자농도≤2.5 mmol·L -1시,가이선택재산성조건하이용풍양래처리;당불리자농도위2.5~5 mmol·L -1시,가선택재감성조건하처리폐수。【결론】풍양유묘적루불적능력흔강,불전이능력독특,구유흔고적내불성,풍양괄합우수체불오염엄중구역적수체정화화식물수복。
Objective]This study aims at exploring the phytoremediation potential of Pterocarla stenoptera seedlings to fluorion pollution.[Method]we investigated the influence of culture time,pH value and fluoride concentration in culture medium on absorption,accumulation,enrichment and translocation of fluoride in P. stenoptera seedlings,as well as normalized relative transpiration (NRT) of P. stenoptera seedlings.[Result](1) The accumulation of fluoride in stems, leaves and roots of P. stenoptera seedlings exhibited an increasing tendency with increasing concentration of fluoride. The fluoride concentration in stems,leaves and roots of P. stenoptera seedlings reached up to 1604. 60,59. 41 and 40. 80 mg·kg -1 respectively when treated with 10 mmol·L -1 fluoride. (2) Fluoride concentration was highest in roots and lowest in leaves when treated with 10 mmol·L -1 fluoride,while fluoride concentration was highest in roots and lowest in stems when treated with 0. 5 -5 mmol·L -1 fluoride. The translocation factor ( Tf) was between 0. 029 -0. 125. The translocation of fluoride in P. stenoptera was inhibited probably because high concentration fluoride would cause serious phytotoxicity to P. stenoptera,(3) The NRT of P. stenoptera seedlings exhibited a decreasing tendency along with culture time. The change of transpiration in P. stenoptera seedlings showed significant difference(P <0. 05)when treated with fluoride 5 and 10 mmol·L -1 . (4) The capacities of translocation and accumulation of fluoride in stems,leaves and roots of P. stenoptera seedlings were highest in acidic solution. The damage to the P. stenoptera seedlings in acidic solution was more serious than that in alkaline solution. The fluoride had little damage to P. stenoptera seedlings in alkaline solution.P. stenoptera seedlings had good and sustained effect for removal of fluoride in this alkaline condition. (5) In order to achieve the best treatment effect,we can deal with the polluted water with P. stenoptera seedlings in the acidic conditions when the fluoride content is less than 2. 5 mmol·L -1; and treated the polluted water with P. stenoptera under alkaline conditions when the fluoride content is between 2. 5 and 5 mmol·L -1 . [Conclusion]The study showed that P. stenoptera had wide potential application in cleaning water and soil in those fluoride contaminated areas.