CAJ | 학술논문

【目的】基于陇东黄土高原沟壑区刺槐人工林和油松人工林样地调查数据，分析其生物量、碳含量、碳密度及其分配规律，为该地区人工林碳效益估算提供基础数据。【方法】以陇东黄土高原沟壑区12年生刺槐人工林和12年生油松人工林为研究对象，采用样地调查与生物量实测的方法，研究刺槐人工林和油松人工林乔木不同器官、灌草层和枯落物层生物量，以及刺槐人工林和油松人工林乔木层、灌草层、枯落物层和土壤层碳储量及其分配特征。【结果】刺槐人工林乔木层平均碳含量(468.44 g·kg －1)低于油松人工林乔木层平均碳含量(512.77 g· kg －1)；刺槐林乔木各器官碳含量为458.00～496.96 g·kg －1，不同器官碳含量表现为干＞枝＞叶＞根＞皮，油松人工林乔木各器官碳含量为503.83～536.27 g·kg －1，不同器官碳含量依表现干＞叶＞枝＞皮＞根；刺槐林草本层、灌木层及枯落物层平均碳含量分别为390.52，398.72和402.82 g·kg －1，油松林草本层、灌木层及枯落物层平均碳含量分别为413.17，436.85和414.03 g·kg －1；随着土壤深度增加，刺槐林和油松林土壤碳含量依次降低，0～10 cm土层土壤含量显著高于10～20，20～30和30～50 cm土层；刺槐林0～50 cm 土层土壤平均碳含量(4.96 g·kg －1)高于油松林(4.45 g·kg －1)；刺槐林植被层生物量为54.80 t·hm －2，乔木层、草本层和灌木层分别占95.88%，2.65%和1.46%；油松林植被层生物量为24.37 t·hm －2，乔木层、草本层和灌木层分别占93.43%，5.17%和1.40%；刺槐林枯落物层生物量和碳密度分别为1.36和0.55 t·hm －2，分别是植被层的2.48%和2.12%，油松林枯落物层生物量和碳密度分别为0.92和0.39 t·hm －2，分别是植被层的3.78%和3.09%；刺槐林和油松林土壤层碳密度分别为31.15和24.35 t·hm －2，0～10 cm土壤层碳密度较高，分别占0～50 cm土层土壤碳密度的40.19%和38.73%；刺槐林植被层生物量(54.80 t·hm －2)高于油松林植被层生物量(24.37 t·hm －2)；刺槐林和油松林生态系统总碳密度分别为57.60和37.38 t·hm －2，且均表现为土壤层＞植被层＞枯落物层。【结论】刺槐林和油松林植被层生物量表现为乔木层＞草本层＞灌木层，乔木层生物量均以树干占比最大，分别为40.02%和37.29%；2种人工林生态系统碳密度主要分布在土壤和植被中，且刺槐人工林生态系统具有较高的固碳能力。【目的】基于隴東黃土高原溝壑區刺槐人工林和油鬆人工林樣地調查數據，分析其生物量、碳含量、碳密度及其分配規律，為該地區人工林碳效益估算提供基礎數據。【方法】以隴東黃土高原溝壑區12年生刺槐人工林和12年生油鬆人工林為研究對象，採用樣地調查與生物量實測的方法，研究刺槐人工林和油鬆人工林喬木不同器官、灌草層和枯落物層生物量，以及刺槐人工林和油鬆人工林喬木層、灌草層、枯落物層和土壤層碳儲量及其分配特徵。【結果】刺槐人工林喬木層平均碳含量(468.44 g·kg －1)低于油鬆人工林喬木層平均碳含量(512.77 g· kg －1)；刺槐林喬木各器官碳含量為458.00～496.96 g·kg －1，不同器官碳含量錶現為榦＞枝＞葉＞根＞皮，油鬆人工林喬木各器官碳含量為503.83～536.27 g·kg －1，不同器官碳含量依錶現榦＞葉＞枝＞皮＞根；刺槐林草本層、灌木層及枯落物層平均碳含量分彆為390.52，398.72和402.82 g·kg －1，油鬆林草本層、灌木層及枯落物層平均碳含量分彆為413.17，436.85和414.03 g·kg －1；隨著土壤深度增加，刺槐林和油鬆林土壤碳含量依次降低，0～10 cm土層土壤含量顯著高于10～20，20～30和30～50 cm土層；刺槐林0～50 cm 土層土壤平均碳含量(4.96 g·kg －1)高于油鬆林(4.45 g·kg －1)；刺槐林植被層生物量為54.80 t·hm －2，喬木層、草本層和灌木層分彆佔95.88%，2.65%和1.46%；油鬆林植被層生物量為24.37 t·hm －2，喬木層、草本層和灌木層分彆佔93.43%，5.17%和1.40%；刺槐林枯落物層生物量和碳密度分彆為1.36和0.55 t·hm －2，分彆是植被層的2.48%和2.12%，油鬆林枯落物層生物量和碳密度分彆為0.92和0.39 t·hm －2，分彆是植被層的3.78%和3.09%；刺槐林和油鬆林土壤層碳密度分彆為31.15和24.35 t·hm －2，0～10 cm土壤層碳密度較高，分彆佔0～50 cm土層土壤碳密度的40.19%和38.73%；刺槐林植被層生物量(54.80 t·hm －2)高于油鬆林植被層生物量(24.37 t·hm －2)；刺槐林和油鬆林生態繫統總碳密度分彆為57.60和37.38 t·hm －2，且均錶現為土壤層＞植被層＞枯落物層。【結論】刺槐林和油鬆林植被層生物量錶現為喬木層＞草本層＞灌木層，喬木層生物量均以樹榦佔比最大，分彆為40.02%和37.29%；2種人工林生態繫統碳密度主要分佈在土壤和植被中，且刺槐人工林生態繫統具有較高的固碳能力。
【목적】기우롱동황토고원구학구자괴인공림화유송인공림양지조사수거，분석기생물량、탄함량、탄밀도급기분배규률，위해지구인공림탄효익고산제공기출수거。【방법】이롱동황토고원구학구12년생자괴인공림화12년생유송인공림위연구대상，채용양지조사여생물량실측적방법，연구자괴인공림화유송인공림교목불동기관、관초층화고락물층생물량，이급자괴인공림화유송인공림교목층、관초층、고락물층화토양층탄저량급기분배특정。【결과】자괴인공림교목층평균탄함량(468.44 g·kg －1)저우유송인공림교목층평균탄함량(512.77 g· kg －1)；자괴림교목각기관탄함량위458.00～496.96 g·kg －1，불동기관탄함량표현위간＞지＞협＞근＞피，유송인공림교목각기관탄함량위503.83～536.27 g·kg －1，불동기관탄함량의표현간＞협＞지＞피＞근；자괴림초본층、관목층급고락물층평균탄함량분별위390.52，398.72화402.82 g·kg －1，유송림초본층、관목층급고락물층평균탄함량분별위413.17，436.85화414.03 g·kg －1；수착토양심도증가，자괴림화유송림토양탄함량의차강저，0～10 cm토층토양함량현저고우10～20，20～30화30～50 cm토층；자괴림0～50 cm 토층토양평균탄함량(4.96 g·kg －1)고우유송림(4.45 g·kg －1)；자괴림식피층생물량위54.80 t·hm －2，교목층、초본층화관목층분별점95.88%，2.65%화1.46%；유송림식피층생물량위24.37 t·hm －2，교목층、초본층화관목층분별점93.43%，5.17%화1.40%；자괴림고락물층생물량화탄밀도분별위1.36화0.55 t·hm －2，분별시식피층적2.48%화2.12%，유송림고락물층생물량화탄밀도분별위0.92화0.39 t·hm －2，분별시식피층적3.78%화3.09%；자괴림화유송림토양층탄밀도분별위31.15화24.35 t·hm －2，0～10 cm토양층탄밀도교고，분별점0～50 cm토층토양탄밀도적40.19%화38.73%；자괴림식피층생물량(54.80 t·hm －2)고우유송림식피층생물량(24.37 t·hm －2)；자괴림화유송림생태계통총탄밀도분별위57.60화37.38 t·hm －2，차균표현위토양층＞식피층＞고락물층。【결론】자괴림화유송림식피층생물량표현위교목층＞초본층＞관목층，교목층생물량균이수간점비최대，분별위40.02%화37.29%；2충인공림생태계통탄밀도주요분포재토양화식피중，차자괴인공림생태계통구유교고적고탄능력。
Objective]Based on data obtained from a survey of sample plots of Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus tabulaeformis plantations in Loess gullies in eastern Gansu,the biomass,carbon concentration,carbon density and patterns of their distribution were analyzed,in order to provide the basic data for estimation of carbon benefits of the plantations in the area.[Method]12-year-old plantations of R. pseudoacacia and P. tabulaeformis in Loess gullies in eastern Gansu were measured through survey of sample plots and actual measurements of biomass,in order to study biomass production of different tree organs,shrub & grass layer and litter layer; carbon storage and its allocation in the layers of tree,shrub,grass,litter and soil.[Result]The mean carbon content in the tree layer of R. pseudoacacia plantation(468.44 g·kg -1)was less than that of P. tabulaeformis(512.77 g·kg -1). The carbon content among various tree organs of R. pseudoacacia varied from 458. 00 g·kg -1 to 496. 96 g·kg -1 ,in an order: stem > branch>leaf>root>bark. The carbon content among various tree organs of P. tabulaeformis ranged from 503. 83 g·kg -1 to 536. 27 g·kg -1 ,in an order: stem > leaf > branch > bark > root. The mean carbon contents of R. pseudoacacia in different layers were:herb (390. 52 g·kg -1 ),shrub (39 8. 72 g·kg -1 ),litter (402. 82 g·kg -1 );The mean carbon contents of P. tabulaeformis in different layers were: herb (413.17 g·kg -1),shrub (436.85 g·kg -1),litter (414.03 g·kg -1). The carbon content in soil layer decreased with soil depth,and the carbon content was higher in surface soil layer (0 -10 cm) than in the other layers;The mean carbon content in 0 -50 cm soil layer of R. pseudoacacia (4. 96 g·kg -1 ) was higher than that of P. tabulaeformis forests (4. 45 g·kg -1). The total biomass of vegetation layer of R. pseudoacacia was 54. 80 t·hm -2 ,of which Arbor layer,herb layer and shrub layer accounted for 95. 88%,2. 65%,1. 46%; The total biomass of vegetation layer of P. tabulaeformis was 24. 37 t·hm -2,of which arbor layer,herb layer,shrub layer accounted respectively for 93. 43%,5. 17% ,and 1. 40%. The biomass and carbon density of the litter layer of R. pseudoacacia was 1. 36 t·hm -2 ,0. 55 t·hm -2 ,accounting for 2. 48%,2. 12% of the vegetation layer;The biomass and carbon density of P. tabulaeformis was 0. 92 t·hm -2 ,0. 39 t·hm -2 ,accounting for 3. 78%,3. 09% of the vegetation layer. The soil carbon density of R. pseudoacacia and P. tabulaeformis were 31. 15 t·hm -2 and 24. 35 t·hm -2 . The carbon density was higher in the soil layer of 0 -10 cm,accounting for 40. 19% and 38. 73%. And the carbon density of their ecosystem were 57. 60 and 37. 38 t·hm -2 ,and their distribution were: soil layer> vegetation> litter layer.[Conclusion]The vegetation biomass of R. pseudoacacia and P. tabulaeformis was in the order: Arbor layer >herb layer>shrub layer,and the stem was the largest of the Arbor layer,accounting for 40. 02%,37. 29%. Results indicated that most ecosystem carbon density of two plantations stored in soil and vegetation, carbon sequestration ability of R. pseudoacacia was higher compared to P. tabulaeformis plantation.