教育与经济
教育與經濟
교육여경제
EDUCATION AND ECONOMY
2015年
2期
67-72
,共6页
父母外出%留守子女%辍学%初中阶段%高中阶段
父母外齣%留守子女%輟學%初中階段%高中階段
부모외출%류수자녀%철학%초중계단%고중계단
parental migration%left-behind children%dropout%secondary school%high school
利用中国健康与营养调查（CHNS）数据，本研究对农村父母外出务工与留守子女初、高中阶段辍学行为之间的关系进行了实证分析。结果表明：父亲外出务工会显著降低留守子女初、高中阶段的辍学概率，母亲外出务工则会显著增加留守子女初中阶段的辍学概率。此外，免费义务教育政策的实施在较大程度上降低了留守子女的初、高中阶段的辍学概率；与那些父母受教育程度较低的留守子女相比，父母受教育程度越高的留守子女越不容易辍学；家庭子女数和机会成本会提高留守子女初中阶段辍学的概率。因此，为降低农村中学阶段子女辍学率，政府应当增加农村妇女当地就业机会以减少母亲外出的影响、推进户籍制度改革使随迁子女能获得同等的教育机会，并为高中阶段和多子女家庭提供教育补贴。
利用中國健康與營養調查（CHNS）數據，本研究對農村父母外齣務工與留守子女初、高中階段輟學行為之間的關繫進行瞭實證分析。結果錶明：父親外齣務工會顯著降低留守子女初、高中階段的輟學概率，母親外齣務工則會顯著增加留守子女初中階段的輟學概率。此外，免費義務教育政策的實施在較大程度上降低瞭留守子女的初、高中階段的輟學概率；與那些父母受教育程度較低的留守子女相比，父母受教育程度越高的留守子女越不容易輟學；傢庭子女數和機會成本會提高留守子女初中階段輟學的概率。因此，為降低農村中學階段子女輟學率，政府應噹增加農村婦女噹地就業機會以減少母親外齣的影響、推進戶籍製度改革使隨遷子女能穫得同等的教育機會，併為高中階段和多子女傢庭提供教育補貼。
이용중국건강여영양조사（CHNS）수거，본연구대농촌부모외출무공여류수자녀초、고중계단철학행위지간적관계진행료실증분석。결과표명：부친외출무공회현저강저류수자녀초、고중계단적철학개솔，모친외출무공칙회현저증가류수자녀초중계단적철학개솔。차외，면비의무교육정책적실시재교대정도상강저료류수자녀적초、고중계단적철학개솔；여나사부모수교육정도교저적류수자녀상비，부모수교육정도월고적류수자녀월불용역철학；가정자녀수화궤회성본회제고류수자녀초중계단철학적개솔。인차，위강저농촌중학계단자녀철학솔，정부응당증가농촌부녀당지취업궤회이감소모친외출적영향、추진호적제도개혁사수천자녀능획득동등적교육궤회，병위고중계단화다자녀가정제공교육보첩。
Based on the data of China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), this paper analyzes the relationship between parental migration and left-behind children’s dropout from secondary and high school in Chinese rural areas. The results show that paternal migration will significantly reduce the probability of left-behind children’s dropout from both secondary and high schools, while maternal migration will largely increase the possibility of children’s dropout from secondary school. Moreover, our results confirm that the Free Compulsory Education Policy has in a large extent reduced the dropout ratio of the left-behind children, whereas parental education level is also highly connected to their children’s education acquisition, namely the higher level of education parents received, the lower possibility for children to drop out from schools. In addition, the number of children in the family and the opportunity costs of going to school have both contributed to a much higher dropout possibility. Thus, to reduce left- behind children’s dropout from school, the government should focus on: creating more local employment opportunities for migrant labors, especially the female ones;impelling the reform of household registration system to ensure that children can migrant with their parents and receive the same educational opportunities in the destination areas; providing education subsidies for families with many children or children in high school.
