草业学报
草業學報
초업학보
PRATACULTURAL SCIENCE
2015年
5期
117-125
,共9页
陈艳%王之盛%张晓明%吴发莉%邹华围
陳豔%王之盛%張曉明%吳髮莉%鄒華圍
진염%왕지성%장효명%오발리%추화위
粗饲料%营养成分%康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系%饲用价值%氨基酸
粗飼料%營養成分%康奈爾淨碳水化閤物-蛋白質體繫%飼用價值%氨基痠
조사료%영양성분%강내이정탄수화합물-단백질체계%사용개치%안기산
roughage%nutritional components%the cornell net carbohydrate and protein system%feeding value%amino acid
通过常规化学分析法和康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系(CNCPS)评定不同粗饲料的营养成分并比较其组成差异,结合粗饲料品质评定预测公式评定其饲用价值。结果表明,1)黑麦草、甘薯蔓与牛鞭草的粗蛋白质(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、可溶性粗蛋白质(SCP)和非蛋白氮(NPN)含量显著高于玉米秸秆和稻草,中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量显著低于玉米秸秆和稻草。2)黑麦草和甘薯蔓的糖类(CA)、快速降解真蛋白(PB1)含量显著高于其他粗饲料,甘薯蔓、黑麦草和牛鞭草淀粉和果胶(CB1)、非结构碳水化合物(NSC)和慢速降解真蛋白(PB3)显著高于稻草和玉米秸秆。稻草的可利用纤维(CB2)含量显著高于其他粗饲料,玉米秸秆的碳水化合物(CHO)、不可利用碳水化合物(CC)和中速降解蛋白质部分(PB2)含量显著高于其他粗饲料。3)不同粗饲料氨基酸(AA)组成差异大,提供限制性氨基酸的潜力不同,黑麦草的总氨基酸(TAA)、必需氨基酸(EAA)和限制性氨基酸(LAA)的含量显著高于其他粗饲料,玉米秸秆和稻草最低。4)黑麦草的可消化干物质量(DDM)和粗饲料相对值(RFV)均显著高于其他粗饲料,甘薯蔓的干物质随意采食(DMI)和 RFV 显著高于牛鞭草,玉米秸秆和稻草的 DMI、DDM 和RFV 均为最低,且两者差异不显著。因此,黑麦草的营养价值最高,其次为牛鞭草和甘薯蔓,玉米秸秆和稻草最低。
通過常規化學分析法和康奈爾淨碳水化閤物-蛋白質體繫(CNCPS)評定不同粗飼料的營養成分併比較其組成差異,結閤粗飼料品質評定預測公式評定其飼用價值。結果錶明,1)黑麥草、甘藷蔓與牛鞭草的粗蛋白質(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、可溶性粗蛋白質(SCP)和非蛋白氮(NPN)含量顯著高于玉米秸稈和稻草,中性洗滌纖維(NDF)、痠性洗滌纖維(ADF)含量顯著低于玉米秸稈和稻草。2)黑麥草和甘藷蔓的糖類(CA)、快速降解真蛋白(PB1)含量顯著高于其他粗飼料,甘藷蔓、黑麥草和牛鞭草澱粉和果膠(CB1)、非結構碳水化閤物(NSC)和慢速降解真蛋白(PB3)顯著高于稻草和玉米秸稈。稻草的可利用纖維(CB2)含量顯著高于其他粗飼料,玉米秸稈的碳水化閤物(CHO)、不可利用碳水化閤物(CC)和中速降解蛋白質部分(PB2)含量顯著高于其他粗飼料。3)不同粗飼料氨基痠(AA)組成差異大,提供限製性氨基痠的潛力不同,黑麥草的總氨基痠(TAA)、必需氨基痠(EAA)和限製性氨基痠(LAA)的含量顯著高于其他粗飼料,玉米秸稈和稻草最低。4)黑麥草的可消化榦物質量(DDM)和粗飼料相對值(RFV)均顯著高于其他粗飼料,甘藷蔓的榦物質隨意採食(DMI)和 RFV 顯著高于牛鞭草,玉米秸稈和稻草的 DMI、DDM 和RFV 均為最低,且兩者差異不顯著。因此,黑麥草的營養價值最高,其次為牛鞭草和甘藷蔓,玉米秸稈和稻草最低。
통과상규화학분석법화강내이정탄수화합물-단백질체계(CNCPS)평정불동조사료적영양성분병비교기조성차이,결합조사료품질평정예측공식평정기사용개치。결과표명,1)흑맥초、감서만여우편초적조단백질(CP)、조지방(EE)、가용성조단백질(SCP)화비단백담(NPN)함량현저고우옥미갈간화도초,중성세조섬유(NDF)、산성세조섬유(ADF)함량현저저우옥미갈간화도초。2)흑맥초화감서만적당류(CA)、쾌속강해진단백(PB1)함량현저고우기타조사료,감서만、흑맥초화우편초정분화과효(CB1)、비결구탄수화합물(NSC)화만속강해진단백(PB3)현저고우도초화옥미갈간。도초적가이용섬유(CB2)함량현저고우기타조사료,옥미갈간적탄수화합물(CHO)、불가이용탄수화합물(CC)화중속강해단백질부분(PB2)함량현저고우기타조사료。3)불동조사료안기산(AA)조성차이대,제공한제성안기산적잠력불동,흑맥초적총안기산(TAA)、필수안기산(EAA)화한제성안기산(LAA)적함량현저고우기타조사료,옥미갈간화도초최저。4)흑맥초적가소화간물질량(DDM)화조사료상대치(RFV)균현저고우기타조사료,감서만적간물질수의채식(DMI)화 RFV 현저고우우편초,옥미갈간화도초적 DMI、DDM 화RFV 균위최저,차량자차이불현저。인차,흑맥초적영양개치최고,기차위우편초화감서만,옥미갈간화도초최저。
The nutrient composition of different roughages was evaluated using basic chemical analysis and the Cornell net carbohydrate and protein system (CNCPS).Nutrient composition was compared and feeding values calculated using the prediction formula for feeding quality evaluation.The results indicated that the contents of crude protein (CP),ether extract (EE),soluble crude protein (SCP),and non-protein nitrogen (NPN)in Lo-lium perenne ,Hemarthria altissima and sweet potato stem were significantly higher than those in corn stover and rice straw.In contrast,contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF)and acid detergent fiber (ADF)in L. perenne ,H .altissima and sweet potato stem were significantly lower than those in corn stover and rice straw. The L.perenne and sweet potato stem had higher levels of sugar (CA)and rapidly degraded pure protein (PB1 ) than the other roughages analyzed.Compared to corn stover and rice straw,H .altissima,L.perenne and sweet potato stem had higher levels of starch,pectin (CB1),non-structural carbohydrates (NSC)and slowly degraded pure protein (PB3 ).Rice straw had the highest levels of available fiber (CB2 ),and corn stover had the highest levels of carbohydrate (CHO),unavailable fiber (CC)and intermediately degraded pure protein (PB2 ).The amino acid (AA)components of the roughages were significantly different,with different poten-tials for supplying limiting amino acid (LAA).Among the roughages analyzed,L.perenne had the highest level of total amino acids (TAA),essential amino-acid (EAA)and LAA,while corn stover and rice straw had the lowest.L.perenne had higher levels of digestible dry matter (DDM)and relative feed value (RFV)than the other roughages.The contents of dry matter intake (DMI)and RFV in sweet potato stem were significant-ly higher than those in H .altissima,while the contents of DMI,DDM and RFV in corn stover and rice straw were the lowest levels,with no significant differences between them.Therefore,L.perenne has the highest nutrient value and H .altissima and sweet potato stem are mid-range,while corn stover and rice straw have the lowest nutrient value.