草业学报
草業學報
초업학보
PRATACULTURAL SCIENCE
2015年
5期
12-24
,共13页
王莺%沙莎%王素萍%王劲松%姚玉璧
王鶯%沙莎%王素萍%王勁鬆%姚玉璧
왕앵%사사%왕소평%왕경송%요옥벽
中国南方%干旱灾害风险%评估
中國南方%榦旱災害風險%評估
중국남방%간한재해풍험%평고
Southern Part of China%drought disaster risk%assessment
干旱灾害风险评估是灾害风险管理的关键途径。通过分析干旱灾害风险成因,从干旱灾害的致灾因子危险性、孕灾环境脆弱性、承灾体暴露性和防灾减灾能力四大因子入手,以灾害学理论为基础,构建干旱灾害风险评估模型,然后根据相关气象、地理环境和社会经济数据,在 GIS 平台上对中国南方地区进行了干旱灾害风险评估。得到以下结论:1)干旱致灾因子的高危险区主要位于云南省的中东部以及与四川的交界处,川西高山高原区和东部盆地的遂宁、宜宾市,以及广东东部沿海地区;2)孕灾环境的高脆弱区主要分布在云南中东部、四川东部盆地以及贵州西北部;3)承灾体的高暴露区主要位于广东东部、雷州半岛和沿海地区,广西南部以及四川盆地的大部分地区;4)防灾减灾能力较高的区域主要位于重庆西部、四川西部、云南东北部、贵州中部、广西南部以及广东中东部地区;5)干旱灾害的高风险区主要位于四川东部盆地、四川与云南交界处、云南东北大部分地区、广西西南部以及广东东北部和雷州半岛;干旱灾害的低风险区主要位于四川北部山区以及广东和广西的北部。
榦旱災害風險評估是災害風險管理的關鍵途徑。通過分析榦旱災害風險成因,從榦旱災害的緻災因子危險性、孕災環境脆弱性、承災體暴露性和防災減災能力四大因子入手,以災害學理論為基礎,構建榦旱災害風險評估模型,然後根據相關氣象、地理環境和社會經濟數據,在 GIS 平檯上對中國南方地區進行瞭榦旱災害風險評估。得到以下結論:1)榦旱緻災因子的高危險區主要位于雲南省的中東部以及與四川的交界處,川西高山高原區和東部盆地的遂寧、宜賓市,以及廣東東部沿海地區;2)孕災環境的高脆弱區主要分佈在雲南中東部、四川東部盆地以及貴州西北部;3)承災體的高暴露區主要位于廣東東部、雷州半島和沿海地區,廣西南部以及四川盆地的大部分地區;4)防災減災能力較高的區域主要位于重慶西部、四川西部、雲南東北部、貴州中部、廣西南部以及廣東中東部地區;5)榦旱災害的高風險區主要位于四川東部盆地、四川與雲南交界處、雲南東北大部分地區、廣西西南部以及廣東東北部和雷州半島;榦旱災害的低風險區主要位于四川北部山區以及廣東和廣西的北部。
간한재해풍험평고시재해풍험관리적관건도경。통과분석간한재해풍험성인,종간한재해적치재인자위험성、잉재배경취약성、승재체폭로성화방재감재능력사대인자입수,이재해학이론위기출,구건간한재해풍험평고모형,연후근거상관기상、지리배경화사회경제수거,재 GIS 평태상대중국남방지구진행료간한재해풍험평고。득도이하결론:1)간한치재인자적고위험구주요위우운남성적중동부이급여사천적교계처,천서고산고원구화동부분지적수저、의빈시,이급엄동동부연해지구;2)잉재배경적고취약구주요분포재운남중동부、사천동부분지이급귀주서북부;3)승재체적고폭로구주요위우엄동동부、뇌주반도화연해지구,엄서남부이급사천분지적대부분지구;4)방재감재능력교고적구역주요위우중경서부、사천서부、운남동북부、귀주중부、엄서남부이급엄동중동부지구;5)간한재해적고풍험구주요위우사천동부분지、사천여운남교계처、운남동북대부분지구、엄서서남부이급엄동동북부화뇌주반도;간한재해적저풍험구주요위우사천북부산구이급엄동화엄서적북부。
A critical element of risk management is drought risk assessment.Through in-depth analysis of fac-tors linked to drought risk,and application of principles of natural disaster management,a drought disaster risk assessment model was constructed.The model assesses the level of danger posed by the disaster-inducing factors,the vulnerability of the disaster-prone environment,the level of exposure of the territorial body,and disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities in place.The model was then used to conduct an assessment of drought risk for the southern part of China using GIS data and local meteorological,geographical environment and socio-economic data.The model indicated:1)the higher risk areas for disaster-inducing factors are mainly in the mid-east of Yunnan province,on the boundary between Yunnan and Sichuan province,the mountain area of western Sichuan,the basin of eastern Sichuan and the eastern coastal area of Guangdong;2)The more disas-ter-prone areas are mainly in the mid-east of Yunnan,the eastern Sichuan basin and northwestern Guizhou province;3)The territorial bodies with greatest exposure are mainly in the eastern,coastal area and Leizhou peninsula of Guangdong province,the southern region of Guangxi province and the Sichuan basin;4)Higher regional disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities are mainly found in western Chongqing,western Si-chuan,northeastern Yunnan,central Guizhou,southern Guangxi and mid-east of Guangdong province;5 ) Zones with high drought disaster risk are mainly in the eastern Sichuan basin,on the boundary between Yun-nan and Sichuan,in northeastern Yunnan,southwestern Guangxi,northeastern Guangdong and the Leizhou peninsula.Zones with low drought disaster risk are found mainly in the eastern mountainous areas of Sichuan, and in eastern Guangdong and Guangxi provinces.