河南农业科学
河南農業科學
하남농업과학
JOURNAL OF HENAN AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
2015年
5期
67-71
,共5页
杨永辉%武继承%何方%潘晓莹%张洁梅%王越%韩伟锋
楊永輝%武繼承%何方%潘曉瑩%張潔梅%王越%韓偉鋒
양영휘%무계승%하방%반효형%장길매%왕월%한위봉
小麦%灌水量%氮肥%光合特性%产量%水分利用
小麥%灌水量%氮肥%光閤特性%產量%水分利用
소맥%관수량%담비%광합특성%산량%수분이용
wheat%irrigation amount%nitrogen fertilizer%photosynthetic characteristics%yield%water use
为探明水肥运筹对冬小麦产量及水分利用的影响,采用田间试验,研究了不同氮肥追施比例( N0:一次性底施,N1:底施40%+拔节期30%+灌浆期30%,N2:底施60%+拔节期20%+灌浆期20%,N3:底施70%+拔节期30%)与灌水量(W0:0 m3/(次·hm2),W1:225 m3/(次·hm2),W2:450 m3/(次·hm2))相结合对土壤水分,冬小麦光合特性、产量及水分利用的影响。结果表明,不同水氮运筹方式改善了小麦的光合特性,促进了小麦生长、产量及水分利用的提高。在小麦需水旺盛的灌浆期,各处理间的剖面土壤水分含量差异最为显著,其中以W2 N3处理较高。在所有处理中, W2 N2处理净光合速率最高,W1N2和W2N2处理叶片水分利用效率均较高;W2N2处理产量和水分生产效率最高,分别较对照(W0N0)提高33.5%、23.8%。综上,水肥运筹模式以W2N2处理最优。
為探明水肥運籌對鼕小麥產量及水分利用的影響,採用田間試驗,研究瞭不同氮肥追施比例( N0:一次性底施,N1:底施40%+拔節期30%+灌漿期30%,N2:底施60%+拔節期20%+灌漿期20%,N3:底施70%+拔節期30%)與灌水量(W0:0 m3/(次·hm2),W1:225 m3/(次·hm2),W2:450 m3/(次·hm2))相結閤對土壤水分,鼕小麥光閤特性、產量及水分利用的影響。結果錶明,不同水氮運籌方式改善瞭小麥的光閤特性,促進瞭小麥生長、產量及水分利用的提高。在小麥需水旺盛的灌漿期,各處理間的剖麵土壤水分含量差異最為顯著,其中以W2 N3處理較高。在所有處理中, W2 N2處理淨光閤速率最高,W1N2和W2N2處理葉片水分利用效率均較高;W2N2處理產量和水分生產效率最高,分彆較對照(W0N0)提高33.5%、23.8%。綜上,水肥運籌模式以W2N2處理最優。
위탐명수비운주대동소맥산량급수분이용적영향,채용전간시험,연구료불동담비추시비례( N0:일차성저시,N1:저시40%+발절기30%+관장기30%,N2:저시60%+발절기20%+관장기20%,N3:저시70%+발절기30%)여관수량(W0:0 m3/(차·hm2),W1:225 m3/(차·hm2),W2:450 m3/(차·hm2))상결합대토양수분,동소맥광합특성、산량급수분이용적영향。결과표명,불동수담운주방식개선료소맥적광합특성,촉진료소맥생장、산량급수분이용적제고。재소맥수수왕성적관장기,각처리간적부면토양수분함량차이최위현저,기중이W2 N3처리교고。재소유처리중, W2 N2처리정광합속솔최고,W1N2화W2N2처리협편수분이용효솔균교고;W2N2처리산량화수분생산효솔최고,분별교대조(W0N0)제고33.5%、23.8%。종상,수비운주모식이W2N2처리최우。
To explore the effects of water and fertilizer application on yield and water use of winter wheat, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different nitrogen topdressing proportions ( N0:base fertilizer 100%,N1:base fertilizer 40% +jointing stage 30% +filling stage 30%,N2:base fer-tilizer 60% +jointing stage 20% +filling stage 20%,N3:base fertilizer 70% +jointing stage 30%) and irrigation amount ( W0:0 m3/ha once,W1:225 m3/ha once,W2:450 m3/ha once) on soil moisture,pho-tosynthetic characteristics,yield and water use of winter wheat. The results showed that different nitrogen topdressing proportions and irrigation amount improved wheat photosynthetic characteristics, promoted growth,and increased yield and water use of wheat. At the filling stage wheat water requirement was rela-tively strong for wheat,profile soil moisture among treatments was most significantly different,the soil wa-ter content of W2N3 treatment was the highest. In all treatments,the net photosynthetic rate of W2N2 treatment was the highest, the leaf water use efficiency of W1N2 treatment and W2N2 treatment were higher than the other treatments,the yield and water production efficiency of W2N2 treatment were the highest,which increased by 33. 5% and 23. 8% respectively compared with the control(W0N0). Overall, W2N2 treatment was the best.