交通运输研究
交通運輸研究
교통운수연구
Transportation Standardization
2015年
2期
47-52
,共6页
三维视角%危险品运输风险%管理机制%风险识别%风险评估%风险应对
三維視角%危險品運輸風險%管理機製%風險識彆%風險評估%風險應對
삼유시각%위험품운수풍험%관리궤제%풍험식별%풍험평고%풍험응대
three-dimensional perspective%transport risk for hazardous materials%management mechanism%risk identification%risk assessment%risk response
优化危险品运输风险管理机制，能够降低运输风险，同时兼顾企业成本需求，为政府决策提供参考。通过对我国近些年发生的诸多危险品运输事故进行调查研究，分析了危险品运输应急预案和风险应对方面存在的薄弱问题，同时基于系统论的研究方法，构建了三维分析视角的风险分析逻辑架构。基于风险管理的主体、客体及过程三个维度，通过对危险品运输风险因素的全面分析，进行运输风险的危害性分析以及风险事件与诱因之间的关联性评估，最后提出风险危害削减和控制的应对措施：建立全方位的监管责任制度，确保“有人管理”；健全全面的风险信息反馈机制，确保“管理全面”；通过路径优化和HACCP （Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point，危害分析的临界控制点）控制方法，从源头开始，实现危险品运输“全程可控”。研究指出：三维视角下的风险识别、风险评估和风险应对构成一个相互联系、相互作用的系统，形成全面的风险管理机制。
優化危險品運輸風險管理機製，能夠降低運輸風險，同時兼顧企業成本需求，為政府決策提供參攷。通過對我國近些年髮生的諸多危險品運輸事故進行調查研究，分析瞭危險品運輸應急預案和風險應對方麵存在的薄弱問題，同時基于繫統論的研究方法，構建瞭三維分析視角的風險分析邏輯架構。基于風險管理的主體、客體及過程三箇維度，通過對危險品運輸風險因素的全麵分析，進行運輸風險的危害性分析以及風險事件與誘因之間的關聯性評估，最後提齣風險危害削減和控製的應對措施：建立全方位的鑑管責任製度，確保“有人管理”；健全全麵的風險信息反饋機製，確保“管理全麵”；通過路徑優化和HACCP （Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point，危害分析的臨界控製點）控製方法，從源頭開始，實現危險品運輸“全程可控”。研究指齣：三維視角下的風險識彆、風險評估和風險應對構成一箇相互聯繫、相互作用的繫統，形成全麵的風險管理機製。
우화위험품운수풍험관리궤제，능구강저운수풍험，동시겸고기업성본수구，위정부결책제공삼고。통과대아국근사년발생적제다위험품운수사고진행조사연구，분석료위험품운수응급예안화풍험응대방면존재적박약문제，동시기우계통론적연구방법，구건료삼유분석시각적풍험분석라집가구。기우풍험관리적주체、객체급과정삼개유도，통과대위험품운수풍험인소적전면분석，진행운수풍험적위해성분석이급풍험사건여유인지간적관련성평고，최후제출풍험위해삭감화공제적응대조시：건립전방위적감관책임제도，학보“유인관리”；건전전면적풍험신식반궤궤제，학보“관리전면”；통과로경우화화HACCP （Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point，위해분석적림계공제점）공제방법，종원두개시，실현위험품운수“전정가공”。연구지출：삼유시각하적풍험식별、풍험평고화풍험응대구성일개상호련계、상호작용적계통，형성전면적풍험관리궤제。
The optimization of risk management mechanism of hazardous materials transportation can reduce the transportation risk and meanwhile take into account the cost of enterprise, which provides ref?erences for the government decision.By investigating lots of traffic accidents of transportation for hazard?ous materials in recent years, the problems in emergency plan and risk response were analyzed. Based on systematic research method, the logical framework on risk analysis of the three-dimensional perspec?tive was built. According to the subject, object and process of risk management, some risk factors of haz?ardous materials transportation were comprehensively analyzed. Then, hazard analysis on transportation risk was put forward and relevance between risk events and its causes was evaluated. Finally, measures on reduction and controlling of risks were proposed. All-around responsibility system was established to ensure hazardous materials transportation is overseen and supervised;Comprehensive information feed?back mechanism was improved to ensure overall management;Whole process control of hazardous mate?rials transportation was achieved from the source by routing optimization and Hazard Analysis and Criti?cal Control Point (HACCP). The study showed that risk identification, risk assessment and risk responsefrom the three-dimensional perspective is an interrelated and interacted system and a comprehensive risk management mechanism.
