CAJ | 학술논문

航班延误属于履行迟延，其界定应采合理期望说为宜。中国对延误的立法分类极不合理。国际航空延误归责原则一直坚持过错推定责任原则。欧盟的航班延误责任制度历经了萌芽、成熟和完善期，目前以条例修订和司法判例完善乘客权利的保障措施，并仍将继续加强。中国航班延误纠纷愈演愈烈的根源在于相关立法位阶低、法律空白多，航空公司往往钻法律漏洞，逃避法律责任。中国民用航空局发布的首个航班延误管理立法的征求意见稿，体现了中国加强旅客权益保护的立法趋势，但它仍处于欧盟立法发展的下位阶段。在对比分析中国与欧盟相关立法和实践的基础上，对中国航班延误责任立法制度和具体实践提出弥补承运人义务的法律空白、细化免责事由等完善建议。
항반연오속우리행지연，기계정응채합리기망설위의。중국대연오적입법분류겁불합리。국제항공연오귀책원칙일직견지과착추정책임원칙。구맹적항반연오책임제도력경료맹아、성숙화완선기，목전이조례수정화사법판례완선승객권리적보장조시，병잉장계속가강。중국항반연오규분유연유렬적근원재우상관입법위계저、법률공백다，항공공사왕왕찬법률루동，도피법률책임。중국민용항공국발포적수개항반연오관리입법적정구의견고，체현료중국가강여객권익보호적입법추세，단타잉처우구맹입법발전적하위계단。재대비분석중국여구맹상관입법화실천적기출상，대중국항반연오책임입법제도화구체실천제출미보승운인의무적법률공백、세화면책사유등완선건의。
Flight delay is delay of performance, whose definition should adopt reasonable expectation doctrine.Chi-nese law on the classification of delay isn’ t suitable.The international doctrine of liability fixation about flight delay insists on the doctrine of presumptive.The EU has experienced initial, mature and perfect periods in the improvement of flight delay responsibility.And now it is improving the protection for passengers by revising regulations and judici-ary cases, and in the future it will further strengthen passengers’ rights.The complaints caused by flight delay have been more and more serious in China due to the low level of legislation and lots of legal blankness,so the airlines usu-ally make use of the legal blankness and avoid undertaking liability.Recently, CAAC released the new legislation draft, the first special legislation about flight delay, which reflects the legislative trend of strengthening the protection of passenger rights but it is still on the lower stage of EU’ s legislative development.By comparing China with EU on related legislation and practice, the paper makes pertinent suggestions on the liability system and specific practice a-bout Chinese flight delays.