中国感染控制杂志
中國感染控製雜誌
중국감염공제잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL
2015年
4期
265-267
,共3页
王桂明%闫玲%张玲%兰圣美
王桂明%閆玲%張玲%蘭聖美
왕계명%염령%장령%란골미
医务人员%职业暴露%锐器伤%风险环节%职业防护
醫務人員%職業暴露%銳器傷%風險環節%職業防護
의무인원%직업폭로%예기상%풍험배절%직업방호
health care worker%occupational exposure%sharp injury%risk link%occupational precaution
目的:了解医务人员发生职业暴露人群的分布特征、危险因素与风险环节。方法对某院所有医务人员2011年1月—2014年6月发生的职业暴露进行风险监控,分别从发生职业暴露者的职业类别,暴露的地点、环节以及方式进行数据统计。结果286例次职业暴露者中,男性63例(22.03%),女性223例(77.97%);2011年111例次(38.81%),2012年75例次(26.22%),2013年67例次(23.43%),2014年1—6月份33例次(11.54%);对不同人群发生职业暴露者统计数据显示,各年度不同人群发生职业暴露所占百分比相似,由高到低依次为护士(31.97)%、医师(19.90%)、护工(15.79%)、技师(7.64%)、护师(4.17%)和保洁员(2.84%);整理废物、拔针或更换针头、丢弃锐器入利器盒、手术缝合或器械传递、各种穿刺(含抽血)操作时的锐器伤是医务人员发生职业暴露损伤的主要风险环节,其构成比分别为22.38%、19.58%、14.34%、12.94%和11.19%;各年度职业暴露发生地点相似,主要是病房、手术室和注射(治疗)室,其构成比分别为51.40%、19.58%和11.54%。结论医院应建立完善的职业暴露监控与风险管理体系,强化标准预防,加强对职业暴露高危人群的培训,对风险环节及危险因素进行监控和干预,以有效降低医务人员职业暴露发生率。
目的:瞭解醫務人員髮生職業暴露人群的分佈特徵、危險因素與風險環節。方法對某院所有醫務人員2011年1月—2014年6月髮生的職業暴露進行風險鑑控,分彆從髮生職業暴露者的職業類彆,暴露的地點、環節以及方式進行數據統計。結果286例次職業暴露者中,男性63例(22.03%),女性223例(77.97%);2011年111例次(38.81%),2012年75例次(26.22%),2013年67例次(23.43%),2014年1—6月份33例次(11.54%);對不同人群髮生職業暴露者統計數據顯示,各年度不同人群髮生職業暴露所佔百分比相似,由高到低依次為護士(31.97)%、醫師(19.90%)、護工(15.79%)、技師(7.64%)、護師(4.17%)和保潔員(2.84%);整理廢物、拔針或更換針頭、丟棄銳器入利器盒、手術縫閤或器械傳遞、各種穿刺(含抽血)操作時的銳器傷是醫務人員髮生職業暴露損傷的主要風險環節,其構成比分彆為22.38%、19.58%、14.34%、12.94%和11.19%;各年度職業暴露髮生地點相似,主要是病房、手術室和註射(治療)室,其構成比分彆為51.40%、19.58%和11.54%。結論醫院應建立完善的職業暴露鑑控與風險管理體繫,彊化標準預防,加彊對職業暴露高危人群的培訓,對風險環節及危險因素進行鑑控和榦預,以有效降低醫務人員職業暴露髮生率。
목적:료해의무인원발생직업폭로인군적분포특정、위험인소여풍험배절。방법대모원소유의무인원2011년1월—2014년6월발생적직업폭로진행풍험감공,분별종발생직업폭로자적직업유별,폭로적지점、배절이급방식진행수거통계。결과286례차직업폭로자중,남성63례(22.03%),녀성223례(77.97%);2011년111례차(38.81%),2012년75례차(26.22%),2013년67례차(23.43%),2014년1—6월빈33례차(11.54%);대불동인군발생직업폭로자통계수거현시,각년도불동인군발생직업폭로소점백분비상사,유고도저의차위호사(31.97)%、의사(19.90%)、호공(15.79%)、기사(7.64%)、호사(4.17%)화보길원(2.84%);정리폐물、발침혹경환침두、주기예기입이기합、수술봉합혹기계전체、각충천자(함추혈)조작시적예기상시의무인원발생직업폭로손상적주요풍험배절,기구성비분별위22.38%、19.58%、14.34%、12.94%화11.19%;각년도직업폭로발생지점상사,주요시병방、수술실화주사(치료)실,기구성비분별위51.40%、19.58%화11.54%。결론의원응건립완선적직업폭로감공여풍험관리체계,강화표준예방,가강대직업폭로고위인군적배훈,대풍험배절급위험인소진행감공화간예,이유효강저의무인원직업폭로발생솔。
Objective To understand the characteristics of population distribution,risk factors and risk links of occupational exposure among health care workers(HCWs)in a hospital.Methods Occupational exposure among HCWs between January 2011 and June 2014 were monitored,data about occupational categories of HCWs,expo-sure locations,exposure links and exposure modes were analyzed statistically.Results Among 286 occupational ex-posure cases,the female and male HCWs accounted for 22.03% (n=63)and 77.97% (n=223)respectively;the incidence of occupational exposure in 2011 ,2012,2013 and January-June of 2014 was 38.81 %(n=111),26.22% (n=75),23.43% (n=67)and 11 .54% (n=33)respectively;occupational exposure of junior nurses,doctors,nurs-ing attendants,technicians,senior nurses and cleaners was 31 .97%,19.90%,15.79%,7.64%,4.17%,and 2.84% respectively;exposure mainly occurred at the time of sorting waste,withdrawing or changing needles,dis-carding sharps into sharps containers,surgical suturing or instruments passing,and puncturing (including drawing blood),the constituent ratio was 22.38%,19.58%,14.34%,12.94% and 11 .19%,respectively;the main loca-tions where exposure occurred were wards,operating rooms and injection (treatment)rooms,the constituent ratio was 51 .40%,19.58% and 11 .54% respectively.Conclusion Hospital should establish comprehensive occupational exposure monitoring and risk management system,strengthen standard prevention,enhance the training about occu-pational exposure among high-risk population,and monitor and intervene on risk factors and links,so as to reduce the incidence of HCWs’occupational exposure.