CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解北京市社区老年人跌倒的发生情况，并对老年人跌倒干预措施效果进行评价。方法采用分层整群抽样法于2005年选取北京市东城区龙潭街道办事处所管辖的社区的60岁及以上老年人1512人进行基线调查后，每年对社区老年人进行干预，干预措施包括健康教育知识讲座、制定个性化方案、科普知识普及等，2009年再次对相同社区老年人的跌倒情况进行随访调查，调查方式均采用按统一设计的老年人跌倒调查问卷，以面对面询问方式进行入户调查。结果272人（18.0％）在1年中发生跌倒高于干预后随访调查的老年人标准化跌倒率（11.6％）（χ2＝7.330，P＝0.007）。随访调查的472例老年人干预后认为自己得到预防跌倒知识、步态正常、从不担心和经常担心自己跌倒、情绪不稳定的比例均为高于干预前（均P＜0.05）；而常服药的比例干预后低于干预前（P＝0.002）。结论北京市社区老年人跌倒发生率较高，且老年人跌倒是多因素交互作用的结果，因此，预防老年人跌倒应采取多方面的综合干预措施。
목적：료해북경시사구노년인질도적발생정황，병대노년인질도간예조시효과진행평개。방법채용분층정군추양법우2005년선취북경시동성구룡담가도판사처소관할적사구적60세급이상노년인1512인진행기선조사후，매년대사구노년인진행간예，간예조시포괄건강교육지식강좌、제정개성화방안、과보지식보급등，2009년재차대상동사구노년인적질도정황진행수방조사，조사방식균채용안통일설계적노년인질도조사문권，이면대면순문방식진행입호조사。결과272인（18.0％）재1년중발생질도고우간예후수방조사적노년인표준화질도솔（11.6％）（χ2＝7.330，P＝0.007）。수방조사적472례노년인간예후인위자기득도예방질도지식、보태정상、종불담심화경상담심자기질도、정서불은정적비례균위고우간예전（균P＜0.05）；이상복약적비례간예후저우간예전（P＝0.002）。결론북경시사구노년인질도발생솔교고，차노년인질도시다인소교호작용적결과，인차，예방노년인질도응채취다방면적종합간예조시。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of falls in older adults living in an urban community in Bei-jing.Methods A cross-sectional study as baseline survey was conducted in the Longtan community of Dongcheng District in Beijing in 2005.People aged 60 or above were recruited using stratified cluster sampling method.Intervention strategies including giving lectures and distributing free literature on falls-related knowledge, and making personalized programs and health education on falls prevention were provid-ed to the interviewees regularly every year after the time of baseline survey.A follow-up survey was conducted in the same community in 2009.Information related to falls was collected with a standardized structured questionnaire by face-to-face interview.Results The incidence of falls among 1 512 interviewees was 18.0%(272) during the past 12 months at baseline, while the standardized incidence rate of falls was 11.6%after the intervention(χ2=7.330,P=0.007).After the intervention, the proportions of people obtaining falls-related knowledge, never fearing of falls and often fearing of falls, and people with normal gait and with negative emotion were higher than those before the inter-vention (all P<0.05); however, the percentage of older adults often taking medicine was decreased after intervention (P=0.002).Conclusions The incidence of alls among elderly urban community-dwellers in Beijing is high, and targeted multiple interventions are effec-tive in reducing the incidence of falls.