中国传媒大学学报(自然科学版)
中國傳媒大學學報(自然科學版)
중국전매대학학보(자연과학판)
JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION UNIVERSITY OF CHINA(SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY)
2015年
1期
4-19
,共16页
大爆炸宇宙学%Hubble红移%微波背景辐射%暗能量%引力波%暴涨理论
大爆炸宇宙學%Hubble紅移%微波揹景輻射%暗能量%引力波%暴漲理論
대폭작우주학%Hubble홍이%미파배경복사%암능량%인력파%폭창이론
big -bang cosmology%Hubble ’ s red shifts%microwave background radiation%dark energy%gravitational waves%inflationary theory
大爆炸宇宙创生理论是以天文学家Hubble的观测为基础的,他声称已发现那些遥远的天体正远离我们而去。此即Hubble氏的宇宙扩张理论。但该理论的证据并不充分,是主观想像。宇宙爆炸理论的另一重要证据是微波背景辐射的测量数据,但它并不表示微波背景辐射温度数据一定是一次爆炸后的结果。把它看成一次原初大爆炸的余烬是勉强的。按照宇宙的定义,人们无法谈论“宇宙寿命”,只可能谈论诸如“地球的寿命”、“太阳系的寿命”和“星系的寿命”。因此我们反对不靠谱的大爆炸宇宙学,因该理论体系漏洞百出,在科学上和在哲学上均不能成立。<br> 虽然宇宙中看来充满难于解释的力,暗物质和暗能量仍然只是两个假设。另一个假说是存在引力波,但也只是估计,实际情况可能不同。在Newton理论中引力速度是无限大,但在Einstein理论中引力传播速度和引力波波速都是光速c。广义相对论( GR)认为引力与电磁力不同,是弯曲时空的纯几何效应。但现在应思索某些不同的引力模型,例如把引力重新当作平直时空中的自然界的力的传播,从而又研究得出引力速度大于2×1010 c( c是真空中光速)。虽然超光速的引力传播违反Einstein的狭义相对论( SR),却符合Lorentz的相对性理论( LR)。<br> 在美国,一个宇宙学家团队在2014年3月的一次新闻发布会上宣布,他们探测到了宇宙大爆炸之后最初瞬间所产生的引力波,从而导致宇宙的起源再次成为重大新闻。根据BICEP2南极望远镜团队的信息,其结果被誉为大爆炸暴涨理论及其后续理论(多元宇宙)的证明。该成果问鼎Nobel奖也在预测之中。 BICEP2团队在其宇宙微波背景辐射极化图像中,确定了一个扭曲( B模式)图案,绪论是检测到原始的引力波。但在后来数月中,由来自Prin-ceton大学和也在Princeton高等研究所的科学家们进行了认真的重新分析,其结论是BICEP2的B模式模型给出的大部分或全部最显著效应没有来自引力波的任何贡献。这种突然逆转应该让科学界认真考虑未来的宇宙学实验和理论。 BICEP2事件也揭示了一个关于暴涨理论的真相;很清楚,暴涨范式是根本无法检验的,并因此在科学上是毫无意义的。
大爆炸宇宙創生理論是以天文學傢Hubble的觀測為基礎的,他聲稱已髮現那些遙遠的天體正遠離我們而去。此即Hubble氏的宇宙擴張理論。但該理論的證據併不充分,是主觀想像。宇宙爆炸理論的另一重要證據是微波揹景輻射的測量數據,但它併不錶示微波揹景輻射溫度數據一定是一次爆炸後的結果。把它看成一次原初大爆炸的餘燼是勉彊的。按照宇宙的定義,人們無法談論“宇宙壽命”,隻可能談論諸如“地毬的壽命”、“太暘繫的壽命”和“星繫的壽命”。因此我們反對不靠譜的大爆炸宇宙學,因該理論體繫漏洞百齣,在科學上和在哲學上均不能成立。<br> 雖然宇宙中看來充滿難于解釋的力,暗物質和暗能量仍然隻是兩箇假設。另一箇假說是存在引力波,但也隻是估計,實際情況可能不同。在Newton理論中引力速度是無限大,但在Einstein理論中引力傳播速度和引力波波速都是光速c。廣義相對論( GR)認為引力與電磁力不同,是彎麯時空的純幾何效應。但現在應思索某些不同的引力模型,例如把引力重新噹作平直時空中的自然界的力的傳播,從而又研究得齣引力速度大于2×1010 c( c是真空中光速)。雖然超光速的引力傳播違反Einstein的狹義相對論( SR),卻符閤Lorentz的相對性理論( LR)。<br> 在美國,一箇宇宙學傢糰隊在2014年3月的一次新聞髮佈會上宣佈,他們探測到瞭宇宙大爆炸之後最初瞬間所產生的引力波,從而導緻宇宙的起源再次成為重大新聞。根據BICEP2南極望遠鏡糰隊的信息,其結果被譽為大爆炸暴漲理論及其後續理論(多元宇宙)的證明。該成果問鼎Nobel獎也在預測之中。 BICEP2糰隊在其宇宙微波揹景輻射極化圖像中,確定瞭一箇扭麯( B模式)圖案,緒論是檢測到原始的引力波。但在後來數月中,由來自Prin-ceton大學和也在Princeton高等研究所的科學傢們進行瞭認真的重新分析,其結論是BICEP2的B模式模型給齣的大部分或全部最顯著效應沒有來自引力波的任何貢獻。這種突然逆轉應該讓科學界認真攷慮未來的宇宙學實驗和理論。 BICEP2事件也揭示瞭一箇關于暴漲理論的真相;很清楚,暴漲範式是根本無法檢驗的,併因此在科學上是毫無意義的。
대폭작우주창생이론시이천문학가Hubble적관측위기출적,타성칭이발현나사요원적천체정원리아문이거。차즉Hubble씨적우주확장이론。단해이론적증거병불충분,시주관상상。우주폭작이론적령일중요증거시미파배경복사적측량수거,단타병불표시미파배경복사온도수거일정시일차폭작후적결과。파타간성일차원초대폭작적여신시면강적。안조우주적정의,인문무법담론“우주수명”,지가능담론제여“지구적수명”、“태양계적수명”화“성계적수명”。인차아문반대불고보적대폭작우주학,인해이론체계루동백출,재과학상화재철학상균불능성립。<br> 수연우주중간래충만난우해석적력,암물질화암능량잉연지시량개가설。령일개가설시존재인력파,단야지시고계,실제정황가능불동。재Newton이론중인력속도시무한대,단재Einstein이론중인력전파속도화인력파파속도시광속c。엄의상대론( GR)인위인력여전자력불동,시만곡시공적순궤하효응。단현재응사색모사불동적인력모형,례여파인력중신당작평직시공중적자연계적력적전파,종이우연구득출인력속도대우2×1010 c( c시진공중광속)。수연초광속적인력전파위반Einstein적협의상대론( SR),각부합Lorentz적상대성이론( LR)。<br> 재미국,일개우주학가단대재2014년3월적일차신문발포회상선포,타문탐측도료우주대폭작지후최초순간소산생적인력파,종이도치우주적기원재차성위중대신문。근거BICEP2남겁망원경단대적신식,기결과피예위대폭작폭창이론급기후속이론(다원우주)적증명。해성과문정Nobel장야재예측지중。 BICEP2단대재기우주미파배경복사겁화도상중,학정료일개뉴곡( B모식)도안,서론시검측도원시적인력파。단재후래수월중,유래자Prin-ceton대학화야재Princeton고등연구소적과학가문진행료인진적중신분석,기결론시BICEP2적B모식모형급출적대부분혹전부최현저효응몰유래자인력파적임하공헌。저충돌연역전응해양과학계인진고필미래적우주학실험화이론。 BICEP2사건야게시료일개관우폭창이론적진상;흔청초,폭창범식시근본무법검험적,병인차재과학상시호무의의적。
the big-bang cosmogony was based on the Hubble’ s astro-observation,he discovered that the remote celestial bodies are leaving far from us. It is the Hubble’ s theory of expanding cosmography. But this theory lacks sufficient proof,then it should be a product of subjective idealism. Another important argument of the theory of exploded cosmogony is that measurement data on microwave background radia-tion,but the data can’ t indicate that the temperature of microwave background radiation should be the re-sult of once exploding. It is never the spread ember at once exploding of an original celestrial body. Ac-cording to the definity of cosmos,people can’ t say “the age of cosmos”,because we only can say “the age of earth”,“the age of solar system” and“the age of star system”;etc. Then,we are against these ab-surd views of big-bang cosmology categorically,because such theoretical system is full of flaws that both science and philosophy all can’ t hold. <br> Although it seems that the universe is riddled with in explicable forces,the theory of dark matter and dark energy just are two hypothesises. Another hypothesis is the exist of gravitational waves,it is just an estimate,but the actual situation might be different. The velocity of gravity in Newton’ s universal law is infinite,but the gravity propagation speed and the velocity of gravitational waves in Einstein’ s theory are the light speed c. The General relativity( GR) explains these features by suggesting that gravitation ( un-like electromagnetic forces) is a pure geometric effect of curved space-time,not a force of nature that propagates. Moreover,now different gravity models need to be considered. For example,if gravity is once again taken to be a propagating force of nature in flat space-time with the propagation speed indicated by observational evidence and experiments:not less than 2 × 1010c(c is the speed of light in vacuum). Al-though faster-than-light force propagation speeds do violate Einstein’ s Special relativity( SR) ,they are in accord with Lorentzian relativity( LR) . <br> When a US team of cosmologists announced at a press conference in March 2014 that they had detec-ted gravitational waves generated in the first instants after the big-bang,the origins of the universe were once again major news. According to the team at the BICEP2 South Pole telescope,the results were hailed as proof the big bang inflationary theory and its progeny,the multiverse. Nobel prizes were predicted. The BICEP2 team identified a twisty ( B-mode) pattern in its maps of polarization of the cosmic microwave background,concluding that this was a detection of primordial gravitational waves. But in later months,a careful reanalysis by scientists at Princeton University and the Institute for Advanced Study also in Prince-ton,has concluded that the BICEP2 B-mode pattern could be the result mostly or entirely of foreground effects without any contribution from gravitational waves. The sudden reversal should make the scientific community contemplate the implications for the future of cosmology experimentation and theory. The BI-CEP2 incident has also revealed a truth about inflationary theory. It is clear that the inflationary paradigm is fundamentally untestable,and hence scientifically meaningless.