CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨言语谱噪声（speech spectrum －shaped noise ，SSN ）和多人谈话噪声（babble noise ，BN ）对低龄正常儿童普通话词汇相邻性测试（Mandarin lexical neighborhood test ，MLNT）言语感知的影响。方法34例3～6岁正常听力儿童分为SSN组（21例）和BN组（13例），使用噪声下普通话词汇相邻性测试系统对两组儿童行声场下的言语测试，以听说复述方法获得不同信噪比下的言语识别率，比较两组两类噪声下的单音节易词表、难词表和双音节易词表、难词表的识别率－信噪比函数曲线（P －SNR曲线）和言语识别阈（SNR50）。结果 SSN组双音节易词表和难词表的SNR50阈值分别为－3 dB、－0．5 dB ，单音节易词表和难词表的SNR50分别为－1 dB、3．5 dB；BN组双音节易词表和难词表的SNR50分别为－3 dB、2 dB ，单音节易词表和难词表的SNR50分别为0．5 dB、10 dB。两组除双音节易词表SNR50相同外，其余各类词表BN组的SNR50均比SSN组高。词汇学因素对正常听力儿童噪声下的开放式言语识别的影响仍表现出易词识别率高于难词，双音节词识别率高于单音节词。结论对3～6岁正常听力儿童BN的掩蔽效应比SSN强，词汇学因素在噪声下仍然影响儿童的言语识别。
목적：탐토언어보조성（speech spectrum －shaped noise ，SSN ）화다인담화조성（babble noise ，BN ）대저령정상인동보통화사회상린성측시（Mandarin lexical neighborhood test ，MLNT）언어감지적영향。방법34례3～6세정상은력인동분위SSN조（21례）화BN조（13례），사용조성하보통화사회상린성측시계통대량조인동행성장하적언어측시，이은설복술방법획득불동신조비하적언어식별솔，비교량조량류조성하적단음절역사표、난사표화쌍음절역사표、난사표적식별솔－신조비함수곡선（P －SNR곡선）화언어식별역（SNR50）。결과 SSN조쌍음절역사표화난사표적SNR50역치분별위－3 dB、－0．5 dB ，단음절역사표화난사표적SNR50분별위－1 dB、3．5 dB；BN조쌍음절역사표화난사표적SNR50분별위－3 dB、2 dB ，단음절역사표화난사표적SNR50분별위0．5 dB、10 dB。량조제쌍음절역사표SNR50상동외，기여각류사표BN조적SNR50균비SSN조고。사회학인소대정상은력인동조성하적개방식언어식별적영향잉표현출역사식별솔고우난사，쌍음절사식별솔고우단음절사。결론대3～6세정상은력인동BN적엄폐효응비SSN강，사회학인소재조성하잉연영향인동적언어식별。
Objective To study normal hearing children's speech perception in Speech Spectrum -Shaped Noise (SSN) and Babble Noise (BN) using the Mandarin lexical neighborhood test .Methods Thirty -four children with normal hearing were included in this study and randomly assigned to the SSN group and the BN group .Each child was given the 12 lists of Mandarin lexical neighborhood test ,word recognition scores were acquired at different SNRs .Results SNR50 of dissyllablic easy word lists ,dissyllablic hard word lists ,monosyllable easy word lists , monosyllable hard word lists in SSN were -3 dB ,-0 .5 dB ,-1 dB and 3 .5 dB ,respectively ;SNR50 of the four categories lists in BN were -3 dB ,2 dB ,0 .5 dB and 10 dB ,respectively .Lexical effects had a significant influence on spoken word recognition in noise .Especially ,word recognition scores of easy words were higher than those of hard words ,dissyllablic words were better than monosyllable words .Conclusion The masking effects of babble noise on spoken speech perception are stronger than speech spectrum -shaped noise for 3-6 year-old normal hearing chil‐dren .Lexical effects also affet children's speech recognition in noise .