昆明冶金高等专科学校学报
昆明冶金高等專科學校學報
곤명야금고등전과학교학보
JOURNAL OF KUNMING METALLURGY COLLEGE
2015年
2期
75-78
,共4页
唐继尧%最高审检处%大理分院%上告审检处
唐繼堯%最高審檢處%大理分院%上告審檢處
당계요%최고심검처%대리분원%상고심검처
TANG Ji-yao%the highest judicial bureau%daliyuan branch%appeal judicial bureau
民国年间，云南省自行开办与国家体制不同的最高司法审判机构，此机构长期存在却尚未引起学界重视，为此，针对该审判机构的内部设置和演变作详细探讨。机构在唐继尧任云南督军兼省长时称临时最高审检处，其设置初衷是临时代替中央政府大理院和总检察厅两个机构的功能，实际上成为省的最高行政长官直接掌控全省最高司法审判权的内部附设机构；之后，该机构改设为大理分院和总检察分厅，外观上符合当时中华民国军政府的《法院编制法》，实际上与改设之前差别较小；1921年又改称为上告审检处，虽然沿袭了大量此前的机构章程，但其体制更简单，更多依靠行政机构来行使大理院职能；1922年即改设为大理院分院、总检查厅分厅，并于1927年将两个机构改组成最高法院云南分院，直至1933年撤销。该机构虽几经更名、数次改革，都与国家法律并不相符，实际上成为省政府掌控本省司法终审权的附属机构。
民國年間，雲南省自行開辦與國傢體製不同的最高司法審判機構，此機構長期存在卻尚未引起學界重視，為此，針對該審判機構的內部設置和縯變作詳細探討。機構在唐繼堯任雲南督軍兼省長時稱臨時最高審檢處，其設置初衷是臨時代替中央政府大理院和總檢察廳兩箇機構的功能，實際上成為省的最高行政長官直接掌控全省最高司法審判權的內部附設機構；之後，該機構改設為大理分院和總檢察分廳，外觀上符閤噹時中華民國軍政府的《法院編製法》，實際上與改設之前差彆較小；1921年又改稱為上告審檢處，雖然沿襲瞭大量此前的機構章程，但其體製更簡單，更多依靠行政機構來行使大理院職能；1922年即改設為大理院分院、總檢查廳分廳，併于1927年將兩箇機構改組成最高法院雲南分院，直至1933年撤銷。該機構雖幾經更名、數次改革，都與國傢法律併不相符，實際上成為省政府掌控本省司法終審權的附屬機構。
민국년간，운남성자행개판여국가체제불동적최고사법심판궤구，차궤구장기존재각상미인기학계중시，위차，침대해심판궤구적내부설치화연변작상세탐토。궤구재당계요임운남독군겸성장시칭림시최고심검처，기설치초충시림시대체중앙정부대리원화총검찰청량개궤구적공능，실제상성위성적최고행정장관직접장공전성최고사법심판권적내부부설궤구；지후，해궤구개설위대리분원화총검찰분청，외관상부합당시중화민국군정부적《법원편제법》，실제상여개설지전차별교소；1921년우개칭위상고심검처，수연연습료대량차전적궤구장정，단기체제경간단，경다의고행정궤구래행사대리원직능；1922년즉개설위대리원분원、총검사청분청，병우1927년장량개궤구개조성최고법원운남분원，직지1933년철소。해궤구수궤경경명、수차개혁，도여국가법률병불상부，실제상성위성정부장공본성사법종심권적부속궤구。
In the Republic of China,the government of Yunnan Province set up its own highest judicial institution,which is different from the national one.Though existed for a long period of time,the highest judicial institution was given little attention by academic circles.This paper aims to offer a detailed dis-cussion about its inner setting and evolution.It was named the temporary highest judicial bureau when Tang Ji-yao was the provincial military governor,originally intended to replace the Central Government-Daliyuan branch and the General Prosecutors Office,which actually functioned the highest judicial power commanded directly by provincial chief executive as an inner subsidiary institution.Then it was divided into Daliyuan branch and the General Prosecutors Office branch.Though no much difference from the previous institution,it apparently accorded with the central governments Regulations for Judicial System. It was renamed as the Appeal Judicial Bureau in 1921,which carried on many regulations as before,but the structure was simpler,more dependent on the executive institution to exert the power of Daliyuan.It was renamed back to Daliyuan branch and the General Prosecutors Office branch in 1922,and they were reorganized as one:the Supreme Judicial Court,Yunnan Branch from 1927 to 1933.The name and or-ganization changed several times,but they didnt coincide to the state law.In fact,it had been the sub-sidiary body of Yunnan provincial government to command the final judicial power.
