CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探究4～6岁幼儿问题行为与父子关系的关系。方法：选取北京市某园4～6岁幼儿102例（4岁36例，5岁36例，6岁30例；男孩55例，女孩47例），使用儿童行为调查表（CBCL）测量幼儿的问题行为，家庭关系指征量表（FRI）测量父子关系。结果：处于消极、中性和积极父子关系的幼儿数量分别为41例、49例和12例。Kruskal-Wallis非参数检验表明，4、5、6岁年龄组在CBCL的三个分量表及八个行为因子上的得分差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。消极父子关系幼儿的CBCL问题行为得分高于中性父子关系的幼儿[30.5（7.0，58.0）vs.16.0（0.0，69.0），P＜0.05]，退缩行为因子得分高于中性和积极父子关系的幼儿[3.0（0.0，4.0）vs.1.0（0.0，6.0），1.0（0.0，4.0），P＜0.05]。Mann-Whit-ney U检验表明男孩的注意问题因子得分高于女孩（P＜0.05），但在其他行为因子的得分无性别差异。Kruskal-Wallis检验结果表明，消极父子关系男孩的问题行为分量表得分、焦虑抑郁因子分、注意问题因子分、内化性行为因子分高于中性父子关系的男孩；消极父子关系男孩的退缩行为因子得分高于中性和积极父子关系的男孩（均P＜0.05）。不同父子关系的女孩的CBCL三个分量表及8个因子得分差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：处于消极父子关系的幼儿表现出更多的问题行为和退缩行为；男孩的注意问题行为多于女孩；与女孩相比，男孩的问题行为与父子关系的联系更为密切。
목적：탐구4～6세유인문제행위여부자관계적관계。방법：선취북경시모완4～6세유인102례（4세36례，5세36례，6세30례；남해55례，녀해47례），사용인동행위조사표（CBCL）측량유인적문제행위，가정관계지정량표（FRI）측량부자관계。결과：처우소겁、중성화적겁부자관계적유인수량분별위41례、49례화12례。Kruskal-Wallis비삼수검험표명，4、5、6세년령조재CBCL적삼개분량표급팔개행위인자상적득분차이균무통계학의의（P＞0.05）。소겁부자관계유인적CBCL문제행위득분고우중성부자관계적유인[30.5（7.0，58.0）vs.16.0（0.0，69.0），P＜0.05]，퇴축행위인자득분고우중성화적겁부자관계적유인[3.0（0.0，4.0）vs.1.0（0.0，6.0），1.0（0.0，4.0），P＜0.05]。Mann-Whit-ney U검험표명남해적주의문제인자득분고우녀해（P＜0.05），단재기타행위인자적득분무성별차이。Kruskal-Wallis검험결과표명，소겁부자관계남해적문제행위분량표득분、초필억욱인자분、주의문제인자분、내화성행위인자분고우중성부자관계적남해；소겁부자관계남해적퇴축행위인자득분고우중성화적겁부자관계적남해（균P＜0.05）。불동부자관계적녀해적CBCL삼개분량표급8개인자득분차이균무통계학의의（P＞0.05）。결론：처우소겁부자관계적유인표현출경다적문제행위화퇴축행위；남해적주의문제행위다우녀해；여녀해상비，남해적문제행위여부자관계적련계경위밀절。
Objective:To investigate the relationship between problem behaviorand father-child relationship in 4-6-year-oldchildren. Methods:Totally 102 children were recruited in a kindergarten in Beijing,with 36 aged four,36 aged five,30 aged six and 55 being boys and 47 being girls. Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)was used to measure preschoolers'problem behaviors,and Family Relations Index (FRI)was adopted to assess children's rela-tionship with their fathers. Results:There were 41,49,and 12 children being classified as negative,neutral and posi-tive father-child relation respectively. Kruskal-Wallis Test revealed that there was no significant difference in scores of 3 CBCL subtests and 8 factors (P>0. 05 )among 4-,5-,and 6-year-old children. Children with negative father-child relationship scored higher on CBCL problem behavior subtests than those with neutral father-child relationship[30. 5 (7. 0,58. 0)vs. 16. 0 (0. 0,69. 0),P<0. 05 ]. They alsoscored higher on withdrawn behavior than children with neutralor positive father-child relationship [3. 0 (0. 0,4. 0)vs. 1. 0 (0. 0,6. 0),1. 0 (0. 0,4. 0),P<0. 05] . Mann-Whitney U Test manifested that boys scored higher in attention problem than girls (P<0. 0 1 ),but no gen-der difference was found in the other problem behaviors. Kruskal-Wallis Test showed that boys with negative father-child relationship scored higher than those with neutral father-child relationship on problem behavior subtest,anxie-ty-depression,attention problem,and internalized problem (Ps<0. 05 ). Boys with negative father-child relationship scored higher than those with neutraland positivefather-child relationship on withdrawn behavior (Ps <0. 05 ). No difference was found whether in CBCL subtests or problem behavior factors for girls with different types of father-child relationship. Conclusion:It suggests that the children with negative father-child relationship display more problem behavior and withdrawn symptoms;boys have more attention problems than girls;compared with girls, boys'problem behavior may be more closely related to therelationship with their father.