CAJ | 학술논문

为了揭示喜马拉雅山蚂蚁多样性规律，采用样地调查法研究了喜马拉雅山亚东段蚂蚁群落。在北坡、山间谷地和南坡采集蚂蚁标本12354头，隶属于2亚科8属12种。北坡和山间谷地蚂蚁群落的优势种均为光亮黑蚁（ Formica candida Smith），而南坡的优势种为史密西红蚁（ Myrmica smythiesii Forel）。亚东段不同海拔样地蚂蚁群落多样性指数中Fisher α指数为0～0．95，Shannon?Wiener指数为0～0．98，显示该地段物种多样性非常低。利用EstimateS 9．1．0程序对该地区蚂蚁物种丰富度进行估计并绘制物种累积曲线，结果表明蚂蚁物种实际观察值接近该地区蚂蚁丰富度估计值。南北坡蚂蚁物种丰富度随海拔升高先增加后降低，丰富度垂直分布格局符合“中域效应”假说。相似性系数分析表明，该地段蚂蚁群落组成和分布受植被类型和海拔影响。
위료게시희마랍아산마의다양성규률，채용양지조사법연구료희마랍아산아동단마의군락。재북파、산간곡지화남파채집마의표본12354두，대속우2아과8속12충。북파화산간곡지마의군락적우세충균위광량흑의（ Formica candida Smith），이남파적우세충위사밀서홍의（ Myrmica smythiesii Forel）。아동단불동해발양지마의군락다양성지수중Fisher α지수위0～0．95，Shannon?Wiener지수위0～0．98，현시해지단물충다양성비상저。이용EstimateS 9．1．0정서대해지구마의물충봉부도진행고계병회제물충루적곡선，결과표명마의물충실제관찰치접근해지구마의봉부도고계치。남북파마의물충봉부도수해발승고선증가후강저，봉부도수직분포격국부합“중역효응”가설。상사성계수분석표명，해지단마의군락조성화분포수식피류형화해발영향。
In order to reveal ant diversity law of Mt. Himalaya, ant communities in Yadong section were investigated u?sing sample?plot method. Total 12 354 individuals collected from north slope, mountain valley and south slope belong to 2 subfamilies 8 genera and 12 species of Formicidae. Formica candida Smith was dominant species in ant communities in north slope and mountain valley, but Myrmica smythiesii Forel was dominant species in south slope. In the ant communi?ties from different altitude sample?plots of Yadong section, the Fisherαindexes range from 0 to 0.95, and the Shannon?Wiener indexes range from 0 to 0.98, it showed extremely low species diversity. Ant species richness was estimated with the help of EstimateS 9.1.0 software and species accumulation curves were drawn, it showed that observed and estimated numbers of species were very similar. Ant species richness first increased then decreased as altitude increased both on north and south slopes, it means ant species richness patterns along elevational gradient conform to the mid?domain effect hypothesis. According to similarity coefficients, ant community composition and distribution of Yadong section were influ?enced by vegetation types and altitude.