CAJ | 학술논문

要使学习者在网络上有效学习，必须使用在线设计的思维方式解构知识内容。本研究分析了知识的结构，论述了作为知识的学习素材可以被解构成知识点、微知识和知识树，提出了知识导图的概念，阐述了适合初级学习者和高级学习者的知识导图学习模式。学习者通过解构学习素材提炼知识点、分解微知识和构建知识树，在制作知识导图的过程中实现知识学习。初级学习者是在选择知识点和构建知识树的过程中学习，而高级学习者则是在解构知识素材和构建知识导图的过程中学习。本文的结论是：基于知识导图的学习模式可以帮助学习者从初级学习者提升为高级学习者，训练学习者学会自主学习是适合现代教育和终身教育的一种学习方式。另外，本文论述了基于知识导图的在线学习平台的设计、在线学习模式的设计和在线学习过程的评价。
요사학습자재망락상유효학습，필수사용재선설계적사유방식해구지식내용。본연구분석료지식적결구，논술료작위지식적학습소재가이피해구성지식점、미지식화지식수，제출료지식도도적개념，천술료괄합초급학습자화고급학습자적지식도도학습모식。학습자통과해구학습소재제련지식점、분해미지식화구건지식수，재제작지식도도적과정중실현지식학습。초급학습자시재선택지식점화구건지식수적과정중학습，이고급학습자칙시재해구지식소재화구건지식도도적과정중학습。본문적결론시：기우지식도도적학습모식가이방조학습자종초급학습자제승위고급학습자，훈련학습자학회자주학습시괄합현대교육화종신교육적일충학습방식。령외，본문논술료기우지식도도적재선학습평태적설계、재선학습모식적설계화재선학습과정적평개。
Online learning has become one of the common ways of gaining knowledge in the Internet age when the learning-oriented society creates new educational ideologies and modes of education. To take advantage of online learning, we cannot simply transplant classroom teaching methods to online learning such as using text books, demon-stration lessons, public courses and class tests, but rather need to improve traditional teaching and classroom learning in online settings. According to the structuralism, learning process is a construction of knowledge by learners under the guidance of teachers. We argue that the thinking model in online design can help learners to study efficiently with computer software. We therefore conclude that efficient online learning should make learners to study in a process of construction of knowledge using the same thinking method as that used in online design. <br> According to the analysis of the structure and deconstruction of knowledge, the learning materials of knowledge have a tree-shaped structure, which can be described as a tree map that includes a series of key knowledge at different levels. The concept of the knowledge map consists of a knowledge tree and key knowledge with micro knowledge. Un-der the guidance and assessment of teachers as well as using computers, learner deconstruct learning materials to a knowledge map . This is actually the process of learning for most learners. <br> We formulate learning method for beginners and senior learners according to the knowledge map. This allows learner-centered online learning. To practice this learning method, we program a software that guide learners to ex-tract key knowledge and decompose micro-knowledge from the learning materials, and to build a knowledge tree. Re-sults show that learners can acquire knowledge in a process of deconstructing the learning materials into a knowledge map, by which beginners construct a knowledge tree by selecting the right knowledge and senior learners construct a knowledge map by deconstructing the learning materials. This learning method is not only simple and efficient, but also able to train learners to study independently. In addition, we give a discussion on the design of online learning platform as well as the assessment of online learning process according to the concept of the knowledge map. We finally conclude that the learning method based on the knowledge map is an appropriate way of learning in modern education and life-long education.