CAJ | 학술논문

选取贵州省19个地区1959－2011年间的气象资料，采用FAO推荐的Penman-Monteith公式和作物系数计算夏玉米全生育期和各个生育阶段的需水量，并且利用G IS分析降水量和作物需水量的空间分布，明确了夏玉米的水分需求平衡状况，结果表明：夏玉米各生育阶段降水量空间分布不均，且各生育阶段降水量相差较大；夏玉米各生育阶段需水量空间差异明显，初始生育期需水量由西向东逐渐减少，发育期和生育中期的作物需水量由西南向东北呈现逐渐增加的趋势，生育末期玉米需水量呈现中间较高，周边较低的分布趋势；玉米需水与降水在空间分布上并不匹配，在各生育阶段都表现较为明显；在夏玉米生育中后期存在较为严重水分亏缺问题，为需水临界期，应及时灌溉。
선취귀주성19개지구1959－2011년간적기상자료，채용FAO추천적Penman-Monteith공식화작물계수계산하옥미전생육기화각개생육계단적수수량，병차이용G IS분석강수량화작물수수량적공간분포，명학료하옥미적수분수구평형상황，결과표명：하옥미각생육계단강수량공간분포불균，차각생육계단강수량상차교대；하옥미각생육계단수수량공간차이명현，초시생육기수수량유서향동축점감소，발육기화생육중기적작물수수량유서남향동북정현축점증가적추세，생육말기옥미수수량정현중간교고，주변교저적분포추세；옥미수수여강수재공간분포상병불필배，재각생육계단도표현교위명현；재하옥미생육중후기존재교위엄중수분우결문제，위수수림계기，응급시관개。
Based on the meteorological data from 19 stations of Guizhou Province ,the water requirement (ETC) of summer corn of the whole growing period and different growth stages during 1959-2011 in Guizhou Province are estimated by using FAO Penman-Monteith equation and crop coefficient method .And the spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation and ETC are analyzed by GIS .The water-meeting situation of summer corn during the growing season is cleared .Results show that the spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation of different grow th stages of summer corn are not uniform and differ considerably ,the spatial distribu‐tion characteristics of ETC of different growth stages of summer corn are not uniform ,the ETC of initial growth period reduce from the west to the East gradually ,the ETC of fast growth period and the middle growth period increase from southwest to northeast , the ETC of late-growth stage decrease from the middle to around gradually ;the spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation and the ETC can't match well ,which can be seen in all growth stages ;there is severe water deficit and low water-meeting in middle growth period and maturity period of summer maize .The middle growth period is a key stage for the grain weight of summer corn , so timely irrigation is essential .