中国海洋大学学报（社会科学版）
中國海洋大學學報（社會科學版）
중국해양대학학보（사회과학판）
JOURNAL OF OCEAN UNIVERSITY OF CHINA(SOCIAL SCIENCES)
2015年
3期
30-35
,共6页
宋代%海盗%治理制度%治理失效
宋代%海盜%治理製度%治理失效
송대%해도%치리제도%치리실효
Song Dynasty%pirates%the governance system%the failure of governance
宋代的海盗，来自不同的社会阶层，有地痞无赖、不法商人、普通百姓，甚至还有违法的官兵。宋政府治理海盗主要采取招抚的政策，辅以一些具体的措施，如建立沿海各区域的协同配合机制，实施保伍法，改革地方的军政体制，强化铜盐之禁。由于海盗的收益远大于其违法成本，且得到了沿海地区百姓的支持及胥吏、官兵的庇护，政策很难奏效。
宋代的海盜，來自不同的社會階層，有地痞無賴、不法商人、普通百姓，甚至還有違法的官兵。宋政府治理海盜主要採取招撫的政策，輔以一些具體的措施，如建立沿海各區域的協同配閤機製，實施保伍法，改革地方的軍政體製，彊化銅鹽之禁。由于海盜的收益遠大于其違法成本，且得到瞭沿海地區百姓的支持及胥吏、官兵的庇護，政策很難奏效。
송대적해도，래자불동적사회계층，유지비무뢰、불법상인、보통백성，심지환유위법적관병。송정부치리해도주요채취초무적정책，보이일사구체적조시，여건립연해각구역적협동배합궤제，실시보오법，개혁지방적군정체제，강화동염지금。유우해도적수익원대우기위법성본，차득도료연해지구백성적지지급서리、관병적비호，정책흔난주효。
During Song Dynasty ,the pirates came from different social strata ,including rogues ,un‐scrupulous businessmen ,ordinary people ,and even illegal soldiers .T he government chiefly took pacifica‐tion policy to deal with pirates ,and supplemented it with some specific measures ,such as the establish‐ment of coordination mechanisms in coastal regions ,the implementation of Baow u system ,the reform of local military and political systems ,and the strict control of copper and salt .These measures proved to be ineffective because pirates'gains were far greater than the cost they paid ,and they usually got supports from common people in coastal areas ,petty officials ,soldiers and officers .
