吉林师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)
吉林師範大學學報(人文社會科學版)
길림사범대학학보(인문사회과학판)
JILIN NORMAL UNIVERSITY JOURNAL(HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCE EDITION)
2015年
3期
67-70
,共4页
环境%契丹人%毡帐%居所
環境%契丹人%氈帳%居所
배경%계단인%전장%거소
environment%the Khitans%yurts%residence
辽国境内广阔的草原使契丹人选择了四时游牧的生活方式,因放牧需要频繁更换牧场,所以契丹人居无定所,转徙随时,车马为家。帐篷与毡车就是契丹人主要的居住方式。契丹人的穹庐与毡车颇具草原生态特色,即木构毛毡,同时适应游牧生活的需要,即便于拆卸和搭建。而契丹人蓄养的大量牲畜和境内的莽莽森林为他们建造居所提供了丰富的资源。为避西北风,居所门户皆东向。契丹毡帐中的家具也主要是为适应草原游牧生活的需要而设计的,即所有家具便于搬迁、安装和拆卸。
遼國境內廣闊的草原使契丹人選擇瞭四時遊牧的生活方式,因放牧需要頻繁更換牧場,所以契丹人居無定所,轉徙隨時,車馬為傢。帳篷與氈車就是契丹人主要的居住方式。契丹人的穹廬與氈車頗具草原生態特色,即木構毛氈,同時適應遊牧生活的需要,即便于拆卸和搭建。而契丹人蓄養的大量牲畜和境內的莽莽森林為他們建造居所提供瞭豐富的資源。為避西北風,居所門戶皆東嚮。契丹氈帳中的傢具也主要是為適應草原遊牧生活的需要而設計的,即所有傢具便于搬遷、安裝和拆卸。
료국경내엄활적초원사계단인선택료사시유목적생활방식,인방목수요빈번경환목장,소이계단인거무정소,전사수시,차마위가。장봉여전차취시계단인주요적거주방식。계단인적궁려여전차파구초원생태특색,즉목구모전,동시괄응유목생활적수요,즉편우탁사화탑건。이계단인축양적대량생축화경내적망망삼림위타문건조거소제공료봉부적자원。위피서북풍,거소문호개동향。계단전장중적가구야주요시위괄응초원유목생활적수요이설계적,즉소유가구편우반천、안장화탁사。
The vast grassland in Liao kingdom made Khitans choose the nomadic way of living. For graz?ing, Khitans had to travel to different pastures and lived without settled home but on carriage. Yurts and felt car?riages are the main residence, made of wood and felt, showing the ecological characteristics of grassland, that is, they are easy to build and take apart for the nomadic way of living. The vast forest and numbers of livestock pro?vide the abundant resources for living. To take shelter from north-west wind all the doors are toward east and the furniture is also designed for the special living, that is, is easy to move, fix and take apart.