CAJ | 학술논문

岷江干旱河谷生境恶劣，植物种群呈斑块状单物种聚集分布，研究植物斑块及斑块下土壤种子库的特征，有利于指导植被的自然恢复更新工作。选择岷江干旱河谷广泛存在的10种植物斑块，进行植物斑块特征的调查及斑块内土壤种子库的采样分析，结果表明：白刺花（Sophora davidii）、刺旋花（Convolvulus tragacanthoides）、金花蚤草（Pulicaria chrysantha）、矮探春（Jasminum humile）、川甘亚菊（Ajania potaninii）、小叶杭子梢（Campylotropis wilsonii）斑块有一定的土壤种子库库容量，土壤种子库种子密度在(890.0±282.233)/m2以上，而马鞍羊蹄甲（Bauhinia faberi）、芦苇（Phragmites australis）、竹叶草（Oplismenus compositus）斑块和裸斑的种子库库容量较小，土壤种子库种子密度分别为(437.5±260.615)/m2、(145.0±45.917)/m2、(172.5±69.567)/m2和(105.0±40.104)/m2；各植物斑块及土壤种子库中地面芽和高位芽生活型的植物占的比例较大，以禾本科（Poaceae）、豆科（Leguminosae）、菊科（Compositae）植物较多；各植物斑块瞬时种子库物种比例较大，在干旱河谷的大环境下，各植物斑块内的种子在土壤种子库中留存的时间可能均较短；马鞍羊蹄甲、芦苇和竹叶草斑块土壤种子库与相应地上植被物种组成的较低相似性（Sorensen相似性指数低于0.369）、极显著负相关性，以及较低的密度和物种丰富度，意味着这3种植物斑块依靠土壤种子库进行自然恢复更新的潜力可能比其他植物斑块更低。此外，裸斑的土壤种子库中存在一定量的种子且长期持续种子库的比例较大（占56%），裸斑具有一定的依靠土壤种子库进行植被恢复的潜力。针对具体的斑块特征，充分利用土壤种子库作为种源，促进现有种子的萌发，改善幼苗的定居环境是今后该区域植被恢复更新工作应更多关注的一种途径。另外，对马鞍羊蹄甲、芦苇、竹叶草斑块辅以适当的人为补充种源等措施也是值得考虑的植被恢复更新途径。岷江榦旱河穀生境噁劣，植物種群呈斑塊狀單物種聚集分佈，研究植物斑塊及斑塊下土壤種子庫的特徵，有利于指導植被的自然恢複更新工作。選擇岷江榦旱河穀廣汎存在的10種植物斑塊，進行植物斑塊特徵的調查及斑塊內土壤種子庫的採樣分析，結果錶明：白刺花（Sophora davidii）、刺鏇花（Convolvulus tragacanthoides）、金花蚤草（Pulicaria chrysantha）、矮探春（Jasminum humile）、川甘亞菊（Ajania potaninii）、小葉杭子梢（Campylotropis wilsonii）斑塊有一定的土壤種子庫庫容量，土壤種子庫種子密度在(890.0±282.233)/m2以上，而馬鞍羊蹄甲（Bauhinia faberi）、蘆葦（Phragmites australis）、竹葉草（Oplismenus compositus）斑塊和裸斑的種子庫庫容量較小，土壤種子庫種子密度分彆為(437.5±260.615)/m2、(145.0±45.917)/m2、(172.5±69.567)/m2和(105.0±40.104)/m2；各植物斑塊及土壤種子庫中地麵芽和高位芽生活型的植物佔的比例較大，以禾本科（Poaceae）、豆科（Leguminosae）、菊科（Compositae）植物較多；各植物斑塊瞬時種子庫物種比例較大，在榦旱河穀的大環境下，各植物斑塊內的種子在土壤種子庫中留存的時間可能均較短；馬鞍羊蹄甲、蘆葦和竹葉草斑塊土壤種子庫與相應地上植被物種組成的較低相似性（Sorensen相似性指數低于0.369）、極顯著負相關性，以及較低的密度和物種豐富度，意味著這3種植物斑塊依靠土壤種子庫進行自然恢複更新的潛力可能比其他植物斑塊更低。此外，裸斑的土壤種子庫中存在一定量的種子且長期持續種子庫的比例較大（佔56%），裸斑具有一定的依靠土壤種子庫進行植被恢複的潛力。針對具體的斑塊特徵，充分利用土壤種子庫作為種源，促進現有種子的萌髮，改善幼苗的定居環境是今後該區域植被恢複更新工作應更多關註的一種途徑。另外，對馬鞍羊蹄甲、蘆葦、竹葉草斑塊輔以適噹的人為補充種源等措施也是值得攷慮的植被恢複更新途徑。
민강간한하곡생경악렬，식물충군정반괴상단물충취집분포，연구식물반괴급반괴하토양충자고적특정，유리우지도식피적자연회복경신공작。선택민강간한하곡엄범존재적10충식물반괴，진행식물반괴특정적조사급반괴내토양충자고적채양분석，결과표명：백자화（Sophora davidii）、자선화（Convolvulus tragacanthoides）、금화조초（Pulicaria chrysantha）、왜탐춘（Jasminum humile）、천감아국（Ajania potaninii）、소협항자소（Campylotropis wilsonii）반괴유일정적토양충자고고용량，토양충자고충자밀도재(890.0±282.233)/m2이상，이마안양제갑（Bauhinia faberi）、호위（Phragmites australis）、죽협초（Oplismenus compositus）반괴화라반적충자고고용량교소，토양충자고충자밀도분별위(437.5±260.615)/m2、(145.0±45.917)/m2、(172.5±69.567)/m2화(105.0±40.104)/m2；각식물반괴급토양충자고중지면아화고위아생활형적식물점적비례교대，이화본과（Poaceae）、두과（Leguminosae）、국과（Compositae）식물교다；각식물반괴순시충자고물충비례교대，재간한하곡적대배경하，각식물반괴내적충자재토양충자고중류존적시간가능균교단；마안양제갑、호위화죽협초반괴토양충자고여상응지상식피물충조성적교저상사성（Sorensen상사성지수저우0.369）、겁현저부상관성，이급교저적밀도화물충봉부도，의미착저3충식물반괴의고토양충자고진행자연회복경신적잠력가능비기타식물반괴경저。차외，라반적토양충자고중존재일정량적충자차장기지속충자고적비례교대（점56%），라반구유일정적의고토양충자고진행식피회복적잠력。침대구체적반괴특정，충분이용토양충자고작위충원，촉진현유충자적맹발，개선유묘적정거배경시금후해구역식피회복경신공작응경다관주적일충도경。령외，대마안양제갑、호위、죽협초반괴보이괄당적인위보충충원등조시야시치득고필적식피회복경신도경。
Plant populations often gather plaques with single species distribution due to the cruel water-lack habitat in dry valleys of Minjiang River. Understanding the characteristics of the plant patchness and the corresponding soil seed bank may help us develop the natural vegentation restoration and regeneration by using scattered plant community. However, little information has been available on it. Therefore, ten common plant patches were selected to suvery the vegentation characteristics and to sample the soil seed bank in dry valley of Minjiang River. Amounts of soil seeds (more than (890.0±282.233)/m2) were detected in Sophora davidii, Convolvulus tragacanthoides,Pulicaria chrysantha,Jasminum humile,Ajania potaninii,Campylotropis wilsonii patches. In contrast, Bauhinia faberi,Phragmites australisandOplismenus compositus patches had small size seed bank, which seed density were (437.5±260.615)/m2, (145.0±45.917)/m2, (172.5±69.567)/m2 and (105.0±40.104)/m2, respectively. Hemicryptophyte and phaenerophyte dominated both soil seed bank and the corresponding aboveground vegetation in the each vegetation patches, most of these species were Gramineae, Leguminosae and Compositae. Transient seed bank dominated the soil seed bank, which could short the retention time of seeds under the environment of the dry valley. Together with lower density and species richness, the low Sorensen’s coefficient (less than 0.369) and the significant negative correlations were observed between the soil seed bank and aboveground vegetation inBauhinia faberi,Phragmites australis andOplismenus compositus patches, implying that the lower potentation of vegentation restoration and regeneration by using the soil seed bank. In addition, there were much larger proportions (56%) of long-term persistent soil seed bank in the bare patch compared with that in other vegeatation patches, which might make the restoration be feasible. In short, we should take advantage of soil seed bank as the main seed source in the future practice of vegenation restoration and regeneration, but much attetion should be paid to the specific characteristics of each vegetation patch. Artificial supplementary seeds should be considered in the restoration and regeneration work withinBauhinia faberi,Phragmites australisandOplismenus compositus patches. Morover, promote existing seed germination and improve seedling settled environment may be also another efficient way in the future vegetation practice.