CAJ | 학술논문

为系统认识荒漠草原地区柠条（Caragana intermedia）人工林系统演变的趋势，为老化柠条林的更新改造提供科学依据，利用2011─2013年间宁夏盐池荒漠草原地区不同林龄柠条林地的连续监测调查数据，总结分析了伴生植被和表层土壤的演变特征。研究表明，荒漠草原人工柠条林土壤与植被呈现出明显的异向演变格局，具体表现为早期土壤的相对稳定和植被的快速恢复，以及后期土壤的显著性恢复和植被新的退化。其中表层土壤有机碳、全磷和黏粉粒含量呈现出平缓而显著的增长，w(SOC)增长35.9%，老龄林w(SOC)平均恢复到4‰，w(黏粉粒)累积增加147.4%，但w(TP)的增幅只有28%。w(TN)、w(C)/w(N)比值、土壤物理稳定性则未出现显著性的阶段性或全局性变化。林间植被的变化较复杂，其中物种数、高度、密度、丰富度指数、多样性和优势度指数在中龄林阶段显著恢复，但之后快速下降，盖度、生物量和均匀度指数则相对稳定。各个指标均值的峰值和出现的林龄阶段分别为：物种数9.46种（中龄林T2）、总盖度31.4%（中老龄林T3）、平均高度9.99 cm（T2）、密度184.8 plant·m-2（T2）、生物量82.68 g·m-2（T3）、丰富度指数1.56（T2）、多样性指数1.73（T2）、优势度指数0.76（T2）、均匀度指数0.66（T2）。整体而言，柠条进入荒漠草原退化草地近40年内，表层土壤质量表现出缓慢而明确的正向恢复演变趋势，但是林间植被数量特征和多样性水平恢复趋势并不明确。荒漠草原人工柠条林系统的演替走向或稳定性的维持，依然存在诸多不确定性。
위계통인식황막초원지구저조（Caragana intermedia）인공림계통연변적추세，위노화저조림적경신개조제공과학의거，이용2011─2013년간저하염지황막초원지구불동림령저조임지적련속감측조사수거，총결분석료반생식피화표층토양적연변특정。연구표명，황막초원인공저조림토양여식피정현출명현적이향연변격국，구체표현위조기토양적상대은정화식피적쾌속회복，이급후기토양적현저성회복화식피신적퇴화。기중표층토양유궤탄、전린화점분립함량정현출평완이현저적증장，w(SOC)증장35.9%，노령림w(SOC)평균회복도4‰，w(점분립)루적증가147.4%，단w(TP)적증폭지유28%。w(TN)、w(C)/w(N)비치、토양물리은정성칙미출현현저성적계단성혹전국성변화。림간식피적변화교복잡，기중물충수、고도、밀도、봉부도지수、다양성화우세도지수재중령림계단현저회복，단지후쾌속하강，개도、생물량화균균도지수칙상대은정。각개지표균치적봉치화출현적림령계단분별위：물충수9.46충（중령림T2）、총개도31.4%（중노령림T3）、평균고도9.99 cm（T2）、밀도184.8 plant·m-2（T2）、생물량82.68 g·m-2（T3）、봉부도지수1.56（T2）、다양성지수1.73（T2）、우세도지수0.76（T2）、균균도지수0.66（T2）。정체이언，저조진입황막초원퇴화초지근40년내，표층토양질량표현출완만이명학적정향회복연변추세，단시림간식피수량특정화다양성수평회복추세병불명학。황막초원인공저조림계통적연체주향혹은정성적유지，의연존재제다불학정성。
To understand the success trends ofCaragana intermedia shrubland in the desert steppe and sustain rebuilding of aging shrubland, based on the monitor data during 2011─2013 for different ages ofCaragana intermedia shrublands in the desert steppe in Yanchi county Ningxia, we summarized the changes of Number of vegetation characteristics, diversity, topsoil nutrient and physical structure, and so on. The researches showed that a typical antidromal succession relationship occured between the soil and plant, for specific performance, the relative stability of topsoil and the rapid recovery of plant during the early stage, and the significant improvement of topsoil quality and the new round of plant degeneration during the later period. Soil organic carbon (SOC), total phosphorus (TP) and sum of silt and clay (Silt+Clay) increased gently and significantly, the content of SOC increased 35.9%, and that in aging shrubland recovered to 4‰, the content of silt and clay added 147.4%, but that of TP increased only 28%.But no significant periodical or global changes occured for total nitrogen (TN), soil physical stability index (St) and carbon nitrogen ratio (C/N). Comparatively speaking, the changes of plant were more complex, for specific performance, significant recovery at the middle-age occured for the species number (SN), average height(AH), density (TD), richness index (R), diversity index (H), and dominance index (D), but immediately these indicators decreased, at the same time, total coverage degree (CD), aboveground biomass (TB) and evenness index(E) remained stable. The peak values of vegetation indexes and the shrubland ages when the values were largest were listed here, SN 9.46 (middle-age, T2), CD 31.4%( middle-old-age, T3), AH9.99 cm (T2), TD 184.8/m2(T2), TB 82.68 g·m-2(T3), R 1.56 (T2), H 1.73 (T2), D 0.76 (T2), E 0.66 (T2). On the whole, during the nearly 40a sinceCaragana intermedia was introduced into the desert steppe in Yanchi county, the topsoil quality showed slow but clear positive succession, however, the trend for the plant was not obvious. According to the maybe missing of feedback mechanism between the soil and plant reflected in the different succession relationship, there were many uncertainties for the trends and stability maintian ofCaragana intermedia shrublands in the desert steppe, going with the naturly decline ofCaragana intermedia.