CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解河北省尘肺病发病、发展特征和流行趋势,为制定河北省尘肺病防治对策提供基础数据.方法分析2001年1月1日至2012年12月31日全省职业病网络报告数据并建立数据库,采用SPSS 17.0进行数据整理,对尘肺病新发病例与死亡病例进行统计描述与分析.结果 (1)2001至2012年河北省累计报告各类尘肺病新发病例4 558例;主要集中在唐山市、承德市、张家口市、邯郸市.(2)矽肺、煤工尘肺病例数的各年度变化趋势与总尘肺病例数变化基本一致呈波动性增长趋势.(3)新发尘肺病例主要集中在煤炭、冶金、有色金属、建材和轻工5个行业;有色金属、冶金、煤炭行业的新发尘肺病例数呈逐年上升趋势.(4)2001至2012年间矽肺、煤工尘肺、陶工尘肺、电焊工尘肺4种新发尘肺病的发病工龄呈逐年缩短趋势,矽肺的发病工龄(中位数)最小为9年.(5)新发尘肺病例数以凿岩工、主掘进工、煤矿混合工、成型工、破碎工为主,分别占总新发病例数的26.72％、6.67％、6.95％、5.24％、4.82％.(6)2001至2012年共报告新发尘肺病例Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期,分别为3 415 (74.92％)、782(17.16％)、361例(7.92％).(7)2001至2012年全省共报告尘肺病死亡病例1 182例,其中张家口市、唐山市、邯郸市和承德市合计占全省新发病例的88.24％.结论河北省新发尘肺病例以矽肺和煤工尘肺为主;新发尘肺病呈现明显的地区、行业、工种、病种分布;新发病例数仍呈逐年增长趋势、发病工龄明显缩短、Ⅱ期及以上新发病例达25％.
목적 료해하북성진폐병발병、발전특정화류행추세,위제정하북성진폐병방치대책제공기출수거.방법 분석2001년1월1일지2012년12월31일전성직업병망락보고수거병건립수거고,채용SPSS 17.0진행수거정리,대진폐병신발병례여사망병례진행통계묘술여분석.결과 (1)2001지2012년하북성루계보고각류진폐병신발병례4 558례;주요집중재당산시、승덕시、장가구시、함단시.(2)석폐、매공진폐병례수적각년도변화추세여총진폐병례수변화기본일치정파동성증장추세.(3)신발진폐병례주요집중재매탄、야금、유색금속、건재화경공5개행업;유색금속、야금、매탄행업적신발진폐병례수정축년상승추세.(4)2001지2012년간석폐、매공진폐、도공진폐、전한공진폐4충신발진폐병적발병공령정축년축단추세,석폐적발병공령(중위수)최소위9년.(5)신발진폐병례수이착암공、주굴진공、매광혼합공、성형공、파쇄공위주,분별점총신발병례수적26.72％、6.67％、6.95％、5.24％、4.82％.(6)2001지2012년공보고신발진폐병례Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ기,분별위3 415 (74.92％)、782(17.16％)、361례(7.92％).(7)2001지2012년전성공보고진폐병사망병례1 182례,기중장가구시、당산시、함단시화승덕시합계점전성신발병례적88.24％.결론 하북성신발진폐병례이석폐화매공진폐위주;신발진폐병정현명현적지구、행업、공충、병충분포;신발병례수잉정축년증장추세、발병공령명현축단、Ⅱ기급이상신발병례체25％.
Objective To describe the incidence,development and death of pneumoconiosis reported in Hebei from 2001 to 2012 and investigate the epidemiological trends and characteristics of pneumoconiosis to provide basic data for formulating the guidelines and policies for control of pneumoconiosis.Methods The Hebei database of new cases of pneumoconiosis reposed from 2001 to 2012 were subjected to systematic arrangement.Clean data and descriptive analysis using SPSS 17.0.The statistical indices included number of new and death pneumoconiosis cases in each year.Results From 2001 to 2012 a total of 4558 new cases of pneumoconiosis were reported.The situation was same to coal-workers'pneumoconiosis and silicosis.(2)The pneumoconiosis cases were distributed mainly in the city of Tang Shan,Cheng De,Zhang Jia Kou and Han Dan (88.24％).(3) Most cases were centerred in coal industry,metallurgical industry,nonferrous metals industry,architectural material industry and light industry.(4) The mean age of onset in new cases was shorted each year for silicosis,coalworkers'pneumoconiosis,potter pneumoconiosis and electric welder pneumoconiosis,especially for 2010 to 2012(9 years).(5) The work types of these cases mainly included drilling (26.72％),mining as the main work (6.67％),hybrid coal mine work (6.95％),molding worker (5.24％) and berterring worker(4.82％).(6) The new cases of pneumoconiosis reposed from 2001 to 2012 were diagnosissed Ⅰ (3415,74.92％),Ⅱ (782,17.16％),Ⅲ (361,7.92％).(7) The death cases of pneumoconiosis reposed from 2001 to 2012 were 1182,most of them were distributed mainly in the city of Tang Shan,Cheng De,Zhang Jia Kou and Han Dan (88.24％).Conclusion The incidence of pneumoconiosis is still high:the new cases of pneumoconiosis is still rising.The mean age of onset in new cases was shorted each year.The new cases of pneumoconiosis reposed from 2001 to 2012 were diagnosed Ⅱ was above 25％.The prevention and control of pneumoconiosis should be enhanced in key industries and for people engaging in key regions,industries,types of work according to the epidemiological characteristics of pneumoconiosis.Most cases were centerred in coal-workers'pneumoconiosis and silicosis.