CAJ | 학술논문

近年社会上频现的扶老人遭讹的现象，用斯科特“弱者的武器”、折晓叶“弱者的韧武器”以及后来学者提出的相关概念不足以解释这一社会学现象。“弱者的武器”等理论忽略了生活中，除有强者与弱者的区分外，还有优势身份与弱者兼备的情形。而“老人身份”同时具有这两重特征，使其在讹诈他人时进退自如，这也是区别于其他群体讹诈事件的根本特征。底层沦陷论对扶老人遭讹现象有较强解释力，但精神或道德问题仅用物质方法解决效果有限。因此，对于遏制扶老人遭讹现象，社会除了加强物质支持外，还应该重建信仰和保证规制的有效性，对老人讹诈他人情节严重的予以处罚；此外，清廉的政府、正义的制度、公平的社会和彰显的权利是人们担负起道德义务的不二选择。
근년사회상빈현적부노인조와적현상，용사과특“약자적무기”、절효협“약자적인무기”이급후래학자제출적상관개념불족이해석저일사회학현상。“약자적무기”등이론홀략료생활중，제유강자여약자적구분외，환유우세신빈여약자겸비적정형。이“노인신빈”동시구유저량중특정，사기재와사타인시진퇴자여，저야시구별우기타군체와사사건적근본특정。저층륜함론대부노인조와현상유교강해석력，단정신혹도덕문제부용물질방법해결효과유한。인차，대우알제부노인조와현상，사회제료가강물질지지외，환응해중건신앙화보증규제적유효성，대노인와사타인정절엄중적여이처벌；차외，청렴적정부、정의적제도、공평적사회화창현적권리시인문담부기도덕의무적불이선택。
In recent years, it is not uncommon to see the social phenomenon that people who helped the eld-erly being blackmailed."The weapon of the weak"put forth by Scott and "the toughening weapon of the weak"put forward by Ze Xiaoye and other concepts are insufficient to explain the events."The weapon of the weak"theory ignores the fact that other than the clear distinction between the strong and the weak, there are also people who bear both the identity of the strong and the weak.It is this dual identity that some elder-ly are taking advantage of to carry out blackmails, which is different from blackmail events by other groups."The fall of the bottom society"theory helps explain the phenomenon of elderly blackmail.But such spiritu-al or moral problem cannot be solved solely by material supports.It is also necessary to rebuild faith, ensure the effectiveness of the legal rules, and make sure the old who blackmail others are seriously punished;In addition, a clean government, justified institution, fair society, and protected right are the prerequisites for people to undertake moral responsiblity.