CAJ | 학술논문

在我国小麦主产区均有禾谷孢囊线虫(CCN,Heterodera spp.)发生。限于有效抗源的严重匮乏,抗CCN育种研究一直难以规模化开展。Madsen是一个抗孢囊线虫的美国冬小麦品种,但抽穗偏晚使其很难在育种上迅速利用。本研究利用中国小麦品种烟农21和济麦19与Madsen杂交和回交,从BC1F4代中选育出稳定品系H3714和H4058。田间病圃和温室接种鉴定结果表明,这2个品系对河南省H. avenae荥阳群体(致病型Ha43)和H. filipjevi许昌群体(致病型Hfc-1)的抗性显著优于烟农21和济麦19。在接种条件下,两个品系表现成株期白粉病抗性, H4058苗期还可抗不同白粉菌菌株。2个品系的抽穗期与烟农21和济麦19相似,明显早于Madsen。利用偏凸山羊草2NS染色体特异分子标记VENTRIUP-LN2及该染色体上Vrga1D基因特异分子标记Vlr2.6-3′-Vlr2.4-5′和VRGA-F11-VRGA-R5分析,发现H3714和H4058含有偏凸山羊草2NS染色体片段,且该染色体片段来自Madsen。根据Illumina iSelect 90K SNP分析结果,两个品系的染色体构成存在差异。在检测到两个品系共有的4918个多态性SNP中,2/3的SNP位点在2个姊妹系间表现相同,另外1/3的SNP位点表现不同。本研究培育的抗禾谷孢囊线虫小麦新种质H3714和H4058可作为培育抗线虫小麦品种的抗源。
재아국소맥주산구균유화곡포낭선충(CCN,Heterodera spp.)발생。한우유효항원적엄중궤핍,항CCN육충연구일직난이규모화개전。Madsen시일개항포낭선충적미국동소맥품충,단추수편만사기흔난재육충상신속이용。본연구이용중국소맥품충연농21화제맥19여Madsen잡교화회교,종BC1F4대중선육출은정품계H3714화H4058。전간병포화온실접충감정결과표명,저2개품계대하남성H. avenae형양군체(치병형Ha43)화H. filipjevi허창군체(치병형Hfc-1)적항성현저우우연농21화제맥19。재접충조건하,량개품계표현성주기백분병항성, H4058묘기환가항불동백분균균주。2개품계적추수기여연농21화제맥19상사,명현조우Madsen。이용편철산양초2NS염색체특이분자표기VENTRIUP-LN2급해염색체상Vrga1D기인특이분자표기Vlr2.6-3′-Vlr2.4-5′화VRGA-F11-VRGA-R5분석,발현H3714화H4058함유편철산양초2NS염색체편단,차해염색체편단래자Madsen。근거Illumina iSelect 90K SNP분석결과,량개품계적염색체구성존재차이。재검측도량개품계공유적4918개다태성SNP중,2/3적SNP위점재2개자매계간표현상동,령외1/3적SNP위점표현불동。본연구배육적항화곡포낭선충소맥신충질H3714화H4058가작위배육항선충소맥품충적항원。
Cereal cyst nematode (CCN,Heteroderaspp.) has occurred in major wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) producing regions in China. Developing wheat cultivars resistant to CCN is limited due to the shortage of effective sources of resistance. Madsen, a winter wheat cultivar released in the Pacific Northwest Region of the USA, is highly resistant to CCN populations from China. However, it is difficult to use this cultivar in breeding programs because of its late heading and maturity. In the present study, Chinese winter wheat cultivars Yannong 21 and Jimai 19 were crossed and backcrossed to Madsen, and lines H3714 and H4058 were developed from BC1F4 progenies. Tests under both natural infestation and artificial inoculation conditions indicated that resistance of H3714 and H4058 to theH. avenae Xingyang population (pathotype Ha43) and theH. filipjevi Xuchang population (pathotype Hfc-1) from Henan province was superior to that of Yannong 21 and Jimai 19. Results of the field test inoculated with a mixture ofBgt isolates demonstrated that both lines showed adult plant resistance to powdery mildew, and line H4058 was also resistant to differentBgt isolates at the seedling stage. The heading date of these lines was comparable to that of Yannong 21 and Jimai 19, and obviously earlier than that of Madsen. The fragments of chromosome 2NS fromAegilops ventricosa were detected in lines H3714 and H4058 using a pair of chromosome-specific primers VENTRIUP-LN2 and the molecular markers Vlr2.6-3′-Vlr2.4-5′ and VRGA-F11-VRGA-R5 that were specific forVrga1D gene fromAe. ventricosa. Results of Illumina iSe-lect 90K SNP assay showed that the two lines differed in their chromosome constitutions. Two thirds of the polymorphic SNPs were identical and the remaining ones were different among 4918 polymorphic SNPs between the two sib lines. The newly de-veloped wheat lines H3714 and H4058 can be used as sources of resistance in developing CCN-resistant wheat cultivars.