中国护理管理
中國護理管理
중국호리관리
CHINESE NURSING MANAGEMENT
2015年
5期
540-543,544
,共5页
压疮%老年患者%风险%影响因素
壓瘡%老年患者%風險%影響因素
압창%노년환자%풍험%영향인소
pressure ulcer%elderly patient%risk%inlfuencing factors
目的：了解老年住院患者压疮风险现状及其相关影响因素。方法：采用便利抽样方法，采用Braden量表、微型营养评价精法（MNA-SF)、尿失禁简表（ICIQ-SF)、面部表情疼痛量表（FPS-R)对267名老年患者进行问卷调查，通过秩和检验、Spearman相关分析和多元回归分析了解住院老年患者压疮风险现状与影响因素。结果：有压疮风险者58例（21.7%)，轻度风险42例（15.7%)，中度危险7例（2.6%)，重度危险9例（3.4%)；营养不良177例（66.3%)；轻度尿失禁242例（90.6%)，中度尿失禁19例（7.1%)，重度尿失禁6例（2.3%)；过去四周，有疼痛患者107例（40.1%)。单因素分析的结果显示压疮风险与性别、居住情况、文化程度、收入相关，多元回归分析的结果显示年龄、收入、营养不良、尿失禁、疼痛是压疮风险的独立影响因素。结论：高龄、低收入、营养不良、尿失禁、疼痛是压疮的危险因素，应给予积极的干预，可有效降低压疮的发生率，提高老年人的生活质量。
目的：瞭解老年住院患者壓瘡風險現狀及其相關影響因素。方法：採用便利抽樣方法，採用Braden量錶、微型營養評價精法（MNA-SF)、尿失禁簡錶（ICIQ-SF)、麵部錶情疼痛量錶（FPS-R)對267名老年患者進行問捲調查，通過秩和檢驗、Spearman相關分析和多元迴歸分析瞭解住院老年患者壓瘡風險現狀與影響因素。結果：有壓瘡風險者58例（21.7%)，輕度風險42例（15.7%)，中度危險7例（2.6%)，重度危險9例（3.4%)；營養不良177例（66.3%)；輕度尿失禁242例（90.6%)，中度尿失禁19例（7.1%)，重度尿失禁6例（2.3%)；過去四週，有疼痛患者107例（40.1%)。單因素分析的結果顯示壓瘡風險與性彆、居住情況、文化程度、收入相關，多元迴歸分析的結果顯示年齡、收入、營養不良、尿失禁、疼痛是壓瘡風險的獨立影響因素。結論：高齡、低收入、營養不良、尿失禁、疼痛是壓瘡的危險因素，應給予積極的榦預，可有效降低壓瘡的髮生率，提高老年人的生活質量。
목적：료해노년주원환자압창풍험현상급기상관영향인소。방법：채용편리추양방법，채용Braden량표、미형영양평개정법（MNA-SF)、뇨실금간표（ICIQ-SF)、면부표정동통량표（FPS-R)대267명노년환자진행문권조사，통과질화검험、Spearman상관분석화다원회귀분석료해주원노년환자압창풍험현상여영향인소。결과：유압창풍험자58례（21.7%)，경도풍험42례（15.7%)，중도위험7례（2.6%)，중도위험9례（3.4%)；영양불량177례（66.3%)；경도뇨실금242례（90.6%)，중도뇨실금19례（7.1%)，중도뇨실금6례（2.3%)；과거사주，유동통환자107례（40.1%)。단인소분석적결과현시압창풍험여성별、거주정황、문화정도、수입상관，다원회귀분석적결과현시년령、수입、영양불량、뇨실금、동통시압창풍험적독립영향인소。결론：고령、저수입、영양불량、뇨실금、동통시압창적위험인소，응급여적겁적간예，가유효강저압창적발생솔，제고노년인적생활질량。
Objective:To explore the pressure ulcer risk status and its related factors in elderly patients. Methods:A total of 267 elderly patients were recruited by convenience sampling method. They were investigated with the Braden Scale, short-form mini-nutrition assessment (MNA-SF), the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-SF), and Faces Pain Scale Revised (FPS-R). Wilcoxon rank sum test, Spearman correlation and multivariate regression were used to identify related factors of the risk of pressure ulcer. Results:There were 58 (21.7%) cases having pressure ulcer risk, 42 (15.7%) with low risk, 7 (2.6%) with moderate risk, and 9 (3.4%) with high risk, respectively. There were 177(66.3%) patients with malnutrition, 242(90.6%) having mild urinary incontinence, 19(7.1%) with moderate and 6(2.3%) with severe urinary incontinence. In the past 4 weeks, 107(40.1%) patients lived with pain. Univariate analysis showed that the risk of pressure ulcer was signiifcantly associated with gender, living conditions, education level and income. Multivariate analysis indicated that age, income, malnutrition, urinary incontinence and pain were independent inlfuencing factors of pressure ulcer risk in elderly patients. Conclusion:Active interventions should be implemented to reduce the pressure ulcer risk and improve the life quality in the elderly.
