体育学刊
體育學刊
체육학간
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
2015年
3期
106-111
,共6页
学校体育%体育意外伤亡事件%性别差异%运动猝死%高校学生%中国
學校體育%體育意外傷亡事件%性彆差異%運動猝死%高校學生%中國
학교체육%체육의외상망사건%성별차이%운동졸사%고교학생%중국
school physical education%incident of sports accidents death%gender difference%athletic sudden death%university student%China
通过建立我国高校学生体育意外伤亡案例数据库(1981—2013年)，运用规范分析和数据挖掘，从发生人数、专业及年龄和就读年级、运动特征、病理学诊断、现场急救方式等方面，对151个案例中的男女性别差异特征展开多维度比较研究。结果表明：我国高校学生体育意外伤亡事件已经呈现出一种偶发事件中的非小概率特征。这些案例中的男女大学生既在年龄和年级分布、课内外发生率、运动中的季节节律、运动负荷、病因学分析、死亡时间和现场急救方式等方面表现出一定的同质性特征，也在发生人数、专业特征、年龄和年级跨度、运动类别和运动项目、运动日节律、心脏病确诊人数等方面存在一定的性别差异。产生这种差异的原因应该与心脏病死亡发生率男女性别差异的病理学因素；男女大学生个体性格、运动动机、运动习惯、争强好胜竞争意识、运动强度和运动时间的差别等生理和心理因素；男生参与剧烈运动的积极性显著超过女生；我国大学生整体身体素质又多年持续下降、部分高校运动场地仍显不足等教学因素；以及互联网技术高速发展对大学生校园学习生活的消极影响等社会因素关联，是由多种因素交互作用而形成。
通過建立我國高校學生體育意外傷亡案例數據庫(1981—2013年)，運用規範分析和數據挖掘，從髮生人數、專業及年齡和就讀年級、運動特徵、病理學診斷、現場急救方式等方麵，對151箇案例中的男女性彆差異特徵展開多維度比較研究。結果錶明：我國高校學生體育意外傷亡事件已經呈現齣一種偶髮事件中的非小概率特徵。這些案例中的男女大學生既在年齡和年級分佈、課內外髮生率、運動中的季節節律、運動負荷、病因學分析、死亡時間和現場急救方式等方麵錶現齣一定的同質性特徵，也在髮生人數、專業特徵、年齡和年級跨度、運動類彆和運動項目、運動日節律、心髒病確診人數等方麵存在一定的性彆差異。產生這種差異的原因應該與心髒病死亡髮生率男女性彆差異的病理學因素；男女大學生箇體性格、運動動機、運動習慣、爭彊好勝競爭意識、運動彊度和運動時間的差彆等生理和心理因素；男生參與劇烈運動的積極性顯著超過女生；我國大學生整體身體素質又多年持續下降、部分高校運動場地仍顯不足等教學因素；以及互聯網技術高速髮展對大學生校園學習生活的消極影響等社會因素關聯，是由多種因素交互作用而形成。
통과건립아국고교학생체육의외상망안례수거고(1981—2013년)，운용규범분석화수거알굴，종발생인수、전업급년령화취독년급、운동특정、병이학진단、현장급구방식등방면，대151개안례중적남녀성별차이특정전개다유도비교연구。결과표명：아국고교학생체육의외상망사건이경정현출일충우발사건중적비소개솔특정。저사안례중적남녀대학생기재년령화년급분포、과내외발생솔、운동중적계절절률、운동부하、병인학분석、사망시간화현장급구방식등방면표현출일정적동질성특정，야재발생인수、전업특정、년령화년급과도、운동유별화운동항목、운동일절률、심장병학진인수등방면존재일정적성별차이。산생저충차이적원인응해여심장병사망발생솔남녀성별차이적병이학인소；남녀대학생개체성격、운동동궤、운동습관、쟁강호성경쟁의식、운동강도화운동시간적차별등생리화심리인소；남생삼여극렬운동적적겁성현저초과녀생；아국대학생정체신체소질우다년지속하강、부분고교운동장지잉현불족등교학인소；이급호련망기술고속발전대대학생교완학습생활적소겁영향등사회인소관련，시유다충인소교호작용이형성。
By establishing a database of cases of incidental death of university students in China (1981-2013), ap-plying normative analysis and data mining, from aspects such as number of death students, major and age and class, exercise characteristic, pathological diagnosis, way of on-site emergency treatment etc, the authors made a multidi-mensional comparative study of the characteristics of gender differences between the male and female students in the 151 cases, and revealed the following findings:incidents of incidental death of university students in China had shown a characteristic of non small probability in accidental incidents;the male and female university students in these cases not only showed certain characteristics of homogeneity in aspects such as age and class distribution, rate of curricular and extracurricular occurrence, seasonal rhythm during exercising, exercise load, etiological analysis, death time and way of on-site emergency treatment etc, but also had certain gender differences in aspects such as number of death students, major characteristic, age and class span, sports type and sports event, rhythm on exercise day, number of students diagnosed with heart disease etc;the causes for producing such differences should be asso-ciated with pathological factors for male and female differences in the rate of occurrence of death from heart dis-ease, physiological and psychological factors for differences between male and female university students in indi-vidual character, exercise motive, exercise habit, awareness of competition to win, exercise intensity and exercise time, teaching factors such the enthusiasm of male students for participating in strenuous exercise significantly ex-ceeding that of female students, the overall physical quality of university students in China having been deteriorat-ing over the years, some universities still having insufficient sports playgrounds, as well as social factors such as the negative influence of high speed development of internet technology on the campus learning life of university stu-dents, and formed by the interaction of multiple factors.
