CAJ | 학술논문

过量且不合理的施肥作业方式，往往导致了氮肥的大量流失，引起水体富营养化等现象，造成了农业水环境的严重污染，是农业非点源污染的重要原因之一。为了能够及时监测氮肥流失的程度和原因，减少农业非点源污染，对稻田水中氨态氮和硝态氮离子浓度的快速测定具有重要意义。本研究使用德国WTW公司的氨氮硝氮在线检测传感器，采用实地取样的方式，对稻田水体环境中氨氮和硝氮离子浓度的变化规律进行了试验研究，探索了不同天气条件下，农田水中氮的流失情况。结果表明，降雨对氮的流失程度有很大的影响，降雨造成的氮流失是农田非点源污染的重要因素，同时施肥量越高，氮的流失情况也越严重。控制农田氮流失必须从施肥方式、耕种方式和灌溉方式等方面进行改善。本研究对于如何减少农业非点源污染，探索合理的氮肥施用方式以及在农田作业中实施最佳管理措施提供了有益参考。
과량차불합리적시비작업방식，왕왕도치료담비적대량류실，인기수체부영양화등현상，조성료농업수배경적엄중오염，시농업비점원오염적중요원인지일。위료능구급시감측담비류실적정도화원인，감소농업비점원오염，대도전수중안태담화초태담리자농도적쾌속측정구유중요의의。본연구사용덕국WTW공사적안담초담재선검측전감기，채용실지취양적방식，대도전수체배경중안담화초담리자농도적변화규률진행료시험연구，탐색료불동천기조건하，농전수중담적류실정황。결과표명，강우대담적류실정도유흔대적영향，강우조성적담류실시농전비점원오염적중요인소，동시시비량월고，담적류실정황야월엄중。공제농전담류실필수종시비방식、경충방식화관개방식등방면진행개선。본연구대우여하감소농업비점원오염，탐색합리적담비시용방식이급재농전작업중실시최가관리조시제공료유익삼고。
Excessive and unreasonable fertilization caused a huge loss of nitrogen fertilizer, resulting in eu-trophication phenomenon and serious agricultural water pollution. Nitrogen loss is an important factor of Non-Point Source (NPS) pollution. Therefore, the rapid detection of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen ions concentration in paddy fields is of great significance to timely monitor the extent and causes of nitrogen loss and to reduce agricultural pollution. A WTW ammonia and nitrate sensor was used in this study to detect am-monia and nitrate nitrogen concentration in water samples taken from paddy field. The nitrogen losses were then investigated under various fertilization and weather conditions. Results showed that rainfall had a great influence on nitrogen loss in water. The pollution is more serious in fields with higher fertilizer application. Nitrogen loss control could be achieved through improving fertilization, cultivation, and irrigation approaches. The study pro-vides a useful reference to reduce agricultural NPS pollution, to explore reasonable application approach of ni-trogen fertilizer, and to carry out the Best Management Practices (BMP) in agricultural operations.