本试验在断奶仔猪饲粮中添加不同水平的粪肠球菌,研究其替代抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻指数和腹泻率、血液生化指标以及免疫器官的影响。选取120头(28±2)日龄平均体重为(7.60±0.81) kg的“杜×长×大”断奶仔猪,随机分为5组,每组6个重复(公母各占1/2),每个重复4头,每个重复为1圈。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,抗生素组在基础饲粮中添加100 mg/kg硫酸黏菌素和400 mg/kg 杆菌肽锌,3个粪肠球菌组分别在基础饲粮中添加40、200和1000 mg/kg粪肠球菌,试验期31 d。试验结果显示：1)在1~14 d,饲粮中添加抗生素和粪肠球菌对断奶仔猪的平均日采食量( ADFI)、平均日增重( ADG)以及料重比( F/G)无显著影响( P>0.05)。在15~31 d,与对照组和抗生素组相比,200和1000 mg/kg组可极显著提高ADFI和ADG( P<0.01)。在1~31 d,与对照组相比,200和1000 mg/kg组的ADFI均极显著提高( P<0.01),而ADG分别显著和极显著增加(P<0.05和P<0.01)；与抗生素组相比,1000 mg/kg组可极显著提高ADFI(P<0.01),而200和1000 mg/kg组的ADG分别显著和极显著增加(P<0.05和P<0.01)。2)在1~14 d,与对照组相比,40 mg/kg组的腹泻指数和腹泻率显著降低( P<0.05)。在15~31 d和1~31 d,与对照组和抗生素组相比,40和1000 mg/kg组均可在一定程度上降低腹泻率(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,粪肠球菌可以显著提高血液中总蛋白含量(P<0.05),其中200和1000 mg/kg组达到极显著水平( P<0.01),且这2组分别可以显著和极显著提高球蛋白含量(P<0.05和P<0.01)。与抗生素组相比,200和1000 mg/kg组可以显著提高总蛋白含量(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,抗生素组和1000 mg/kg 组的白球比显著降低(P<0.05),另外,抗生素组血液中谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活性显著降低(P<0.05),200 mg/kg组的谷丙转氨酶活性显著降低( P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,1000 mg/kg组的肝脏重量和脾脏指数有一定程度的提高(P>0.05),与抗生素组相比,200和1000 mg/kg组可显著提高肝脏重量( P<0.05)。结果表明,饲粮中添加粪肠球菌可改善断奶仔猪的生长性能(饲喂15~31 d),降低腹泻率,提高仔猪免疫力,其中添加量为1000 mg/kg时效果最好。
本試驗在斷奶仔豬飼糧中添加不同水平的糞腸毬菌,研究其替代抗生素對斷奶仔豬生長性能、腹瀉指數和腹瀉率、血液生化指標以及免疫器官的影響。選取120頭(28±2)日齡平均體重為(7.60±0.81) kg的“杜×長×大”斷奶仔豬,隨機分為5組,每組6箇重複(公母各佔1/2),每箇重複4頭,每箇重複為1圈。對照組飼餵基礎飼糧,抗生素組在基礎飼糧中添加100 mg/kg硫痠黏菌素和400 mg/kg 桿菌肽鋅,3箇糞腸毬菌組分彆在基礎飼糧中添加40、200和1000 mg/kg糞腸毬菌,試驗期31 d。試驗結果顯示：1)在1~14 d,飼糧中添加抗生素和糞腸毬菌對斷奶仔豬的平均日採食量( ADFI)、平均日增重( ADG)以及料重比( F/G)無顯著影響( P>0.05)。在15~31 d,與對照組和抗生素組相比,200和1000 mg/kg組可極顯著提高ADFI和ADG( P<0.01)。在1~31 d,與對照組相比,200和1000 mg/kg組的ADFI均極顯著提高( P<0.01),而ADG分彆顯著和極顯著增加(P<0.05和P<0.01)；與抗生素組相比,1000 mg/kg組可極顯著提高ADFI(P<0.01),而200和1000 mg/kg組的ADG分彆顯著和極顯著增加(P<0.05和P<0.01)。2)在1~14 d,與對照組相比,40 mg/kg組的腹瀉指數和腹瀉率顯著降低( P<0.05)。在15~31 d和1~31 d,與對照組和抗生素組相比,40和1000 mg/kg組均可在一定程度上降低腹瀉率(P>0.05)。3)與對照組相比,糞腸毬菌可以顯著提高血液中總蛋白含量(P<0.05),其中200和1000 mg/kg組達到極顯著水平( P<0.01),且這2組分彆可以顯著和極顯著提高毬蛋白含量(P<0.05和P<0.01)。與抗生素組相比,200和1000 mg/kg組可以顯著提高總蛋白含量(P<0.05)。與對照組相比,抗生素組和1000 mg/kg 組的白毬比顯著降低(P<0.05),另外,抗生素組血液中穀丙轉氨酶和穀草轉氨酶活性顯著降低(P<0.05),200 mg/kg組的穀丙轉氨酶活性顯著降低( P<0.05)。4)與對照組相比,1000 mg/kg組的肝髒重量和脾髒指數有一定程度的提高(P>0.05),與抗生素組相比,200和1000 mg/kg組可顯著提高肝髒重量( P<0.05)。結果錶明,飼糧中添加糞腸毬菌可改善斷奶仔豬的生長性能(飼餵15~31 d),降低腹瀉率,提高仔豬免疫力,其中添加量為1000 mg/kg時效果最好。
본시험재단내자저사량중첨가불동수평적분장구균,연구기체대항생소대단내자저생장성능、복사지수화복사솔、혈액생화지표이급면역기관적영향。선취120두(28±2)일령평균체중위(7.60±0.81) kg적“두×장×대”단내자저,수궤분위5조,매조6개중복(공모각점1/2),매개중복4두,매개중복위1권。대조조사위기출사량,항생소조재기출사량중첨가100 mg/kg류산점균소화400 mg/kg 간균태자,3개분장구균조분별재기출사량중첨가40、200화1000 mg/kg분장구균,시험기31 d。시험결과현시：1)재1~14 d,사량중첨가항생소화분장구균대단내자저적평균일채식량( ADFI)、평균일증중( ADG)이급료중비( F/G)무현저영향( P>0.05)。재15~31 d,여대조조화항생소조상비,200화1000 mg/kg조가겁현저제고ADFI화ADG( P<0.01)。재1~31 d,여대조조상비,200화1000 mg/kg조적ADFI균겁현저제고( P<0.01),이ADG분별현저화겁현저증가(P<0.05화P<0.01)；여항생소조상비,1000 mg/kg조가겁현저제고ADFI(P<0.01),이200화1000 mg/kg조적ADG분별현저화겁현저증가(P<0.05화P<0.01)。2)재1~14 d,여대조조상비,40 mg/kg조적복사지수화복사솔현저강저( P<0.05)。재15~31 d화1~31 d,여대조조화항생소조상비,40화1000 mg/kg조균가재일정정도상강저복사솔(P>0.05)。3)여대조조상비,분장구균가이현저제고혈액중총단백함량(P<0.05),기중200화1000 mg/kg조체도겁현저수평( P<0.01),차저2조분별가이현저화겁현저제고구단백함량(P<0.05화P<0.01)。여항생소조상비,200화1000 mg/kg조가이현저제고총단백함량(P<0.05)。여대조조상비,항생소조화1000 mg/kg 조적백구비현저강저(P<0.05),령외,항생소조혈액중곡병전안매화곡초전안매활성현저강저(P<0.05),200 mg/kg조적곡병전안매활성현저강저( P<0.05)。4)여대조조상비,1000 mg/kg조적간장중량화비장지수유일정정도적제고(P>0.05),여항생소조상비,200화1000 mg/kg조가현저제고간장중량( P<0.05)。결과표명,사량중첨가분장구균가개선단내자저적생장성능(사위15~31 d),강저복사솔,제고자저면역력,기중첨가량위1000 mg/kg시효과최호。
This trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of Enterococcus faecalis on growth performance, di-arrhea rate, blood biochemical parameters and immune organs of weaner piglets. One hundred and twenty crossbred piglets (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) weaned at (28±2) days of age [the average body weight was (7.60±0.81) kg] were selected and divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group (3 males and 3 fe-males) and 4 piglets per replicate. The control group was fed a basal diet, antibiotic group was fed the basal di-et+100 mg/kg colistin sulphate and 400 mg/kg bacitracin zinc, and the three Enterococcus faecalis groups were fed the basal diet+40, 200 and 1 000 mg/kg Enterococcus faecalis, respectively. The trial lasted for 31 days. The results showed as follows:1) from 1 to 14 days, the diets supplemented with antibiotic and Entero-coccus faecalis had no significant differences in average daily gain ( ADG) , average daily feed intake ( ADFI) and feed/gain ( F/G) ( P>0.05) . From 15 to 31 days, compared with the control and antibiotic groups, 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups could significantly increased ADFI and ADG of weaner piglets ( P<0.01) . From 1 to 31 days, compared with the control group, ADFI of weaner piglets in 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups were sig-nificantly increased(P<0.01), and ADG was significantly increased (P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively). From 1 to 31 days, compared with the antibiotic group, 1 000 mg/kg group could significantly increased ADFI ( P<0.01) , while 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups could significantly increased ADG ( P<0.05 and P<0.01, re-spectively) . 2) From 1 to 14 days, 40 mg/kg group could significantly decreased diarrhea index and diarrhea rate compared with the control groups ( P<0.05) . From 15 to 31 days and 1 to 31 days, 40 and 1 000 mg/kg groups could decreased diarrhea rate in some degree compared with the control and antibiotic groups ( P>0.05) . 3) Compared with the control group, the total protein content in blood in 40, 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups was significantly increased ( P<0.05, P<0.01 and P<0.01, respectively) , and the globulin content in 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups was significantly increased ( P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively) . Compared with the antibiotic group, the total protein content of blood in 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups was significantly in-creased ( P < 0. 05 ) . Compared with the control group, the albumin/globulin in antibiotic group and 1 000 mg/kg group was significantly decreased ( P<0. 05 ) , besides, the activities of alanine transferase ( ALT) and aspartate transferase ( AST) of blood in antibiotic group were significantly decreased ( P<0.05) , and the activity of alanine transferase ( ALT) in 200 mg/kg group was significantly decreased ( P<0.05) . 4) The liver weight and spleen index in 1 000 mg/kg group had increasing trends compared with the control group ( P>0.05) , the liver weight in 200 and 1 000 mg/kg groups was significantly increased compared with the an-tibiotic group ( P<0.05) . The results suggest that supplementation of Enterococcus faecalis can improve growth performance ( feed of 15 to 31 d) , decrease diarrhea rate, increase immunity of weaner piglets, and the opti-mum supplemental level of Enterococcus faecalis is 1 000 mg/kg.
