计算机与应用化学
計算機與應用化學
계산궤여응용화학
COMPUTERS AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY
2015年
4期
507-512
,共6页
环境系统工程%环境经济%环境价值%环境承载力
環境繫統工程%環境經濟%環境價值%環境承載力
배경계통공정%배경경제%배경개치%배경승재력
environmental systems engineering%environmental economic%environmental value%environmental carrying capacity
环境问题与经济问题紧密相连，由于环境问题的综合性和复杂性，需要运用系统工程的方法和经济学原理，将环境问题置于整个经济系统中统筹考虑，建立相对完整的环境经济系统工程方法体系，将环境保护工作纳入经济社会发展中，使其成为决策中主要考虑的因素之一，并引起应有的重视。本研究从环境与经济承载力、环境投资的经济分析、环境与投资效率比较、环境资源的经济价值以及生态补偿与污染赔偿等方面构建环境经济系统工程的基本框架体系，并结合实际进行案例分析。研究表明，单纯的政府行政干预不如创造条件，如补偿、税收减免、投资、贴息等，使其具备在市场规则下，自动引导资源向环境保护与污染治理的投入，如排污指标的交易等。此外，自然资源是不可或缺的稀有资本，应该将保护生态系统及生物多样性纳入各级政府决策的主要方面。
環境問題與經濟問題緊密相連，由于環境問題的綜閤性和複雜性，需要運用繫統工程的方法和經濟學原理，將環境問題置于整箇經濟繫統中統籌攷慮，建立相對完整的環境經濟繫統工程方法體繫，將環境保護工作納入經濟社會髮展中，使其成為決策中主要攷慮的因素之一，併引起應有的重視。本研究從環境與經濟承載力、環境投資的經濟分析、環境與投資效率比較、環境資源的經濟價值以及生態補償與汙染賠償等方麵構建環境經濟繫統工程的基本框架體繫，併結閤實際進行案例分析。研究錶明，單純的政府行政榦預不如創造條件，如補償、稅收減免、投資、貼息等，使其具備在市場規則下，自動引導資源嚮環境保護與汙染治理的投入，如排汙指標的交易等。此外，自然資源是不可或缺的稀有資本，應該將保護生態繫統及生物多樣性納入各級政府決策的主要方麵。
배경문제여경제문제긴밀상련，유우배경문제적종합성화복잡성，수요운용계통공정적방법화경제학원리，장배경문제치우정개경제계통중통주고필，건립상대완정적배경경제계통공정방법체계，장배경보호공작납입경제사회발전중，사기성위결책중주요고필적인소지일，병인기응유적중시。본연구종배경여경제승재력、배경투자적경제분석、배경여투자효솔비교、배경자원적경제개치이급생태보상여오염배상등방면구건배경경제계통공정적기본광가체계，병결합실제진행안례분석。연구표명，단순적정부행정간예불여창조조건，여보상、세수감면、투자、첩식등，사기구비재시장규칙하，자동인도자원향배경보호여오염치리적투입，여배오지표적교역등。차외，자연자원시불가혹결적희유자본，응해장보호생태계통급생물다양성납입각급정부결책적주요방면。
Environmental problems closely connected with economic problems, as a result of the comprehensive and the complexity of the environmental problems, it require to use the systems engineering methods and principles of economics, and consider the environment problem in the economic system as a whole, establish a relatively complete approach system of environmental economic system engineering, incorporating environmental protection into the economic and social development, that makes it to be one of the main consideration of the factors in the decision-making, and cause the attention it deserves. Based on the bearing capacity of the environment and the economy, the economic analysis of environmental investment, comparation of the efficiency between the investment and the environment, economic value of environment resource, ecological compensation and compensation for pollution, and so on to build the basic frame of environmental economic system engineering, and connecting with the actual case analysis, and connecting with the actual case analysis. Studies have shown that it is better to create the conditions than pure government administrative intervention, such as compensation, tax cuts and investment, discount, etc., so under the rules of the market, it can be automatic guided resources and investment towads environmental protection and pollution control, such as emissions trading and other indicators. In addition, the natural resources are indispensable precious capital that the protection of the ecosystems and biodiversity should be put into the main aspects in all levels of government decision-making.
