农学学报
農學學報
농학학보
Chinese Countryside Well-off Technology
2015年
5期
1-5
,共5页
蔡建军%汪恩国%林采舜%何杰
蔡建軍%汪恩國%林採舜%何傑
채건군%왕은국%림채순%하걸
‘甬优12’%超级栽培%施肥量%产量
‘甬優12’%超級栽培%施肥量%產量
‘용우12’%초급재배%시비량%산량
‘Yongyou 12’%Super Cultivation%Fertilizer Application%Yield
为了探明超级杂交稻‘甬优12’产量与施肥量关系,揭示其单季稻超高产栽培需肥规律,提升整体施肥技术水平,在统一栽培技术措施下测土配方施肥,跟踪调查2012—2013年12个示范方不同施肥组合及施肥量,以专家组实割实收考查产量的方法,对单季稻‘甬优12’施肥量与产量关系及超高产栽培施肥技术进行研究。结果表明,在土壤肥力水平中等的情况下,单季晚稻‘甬优12’产量(Y)随施肥量(有机肥F和N、P、K)增加而递升且呈幂次函数(近似线性)递升,其关系模型为:Y=0.00003F2-0.2963F+11302(Y=0.2301F+9258),Y=0.0504N2+24.566N+1953(Y=51.243N-1543),Y=0.0361P2+26.596P+8707(Y=34.143P+8358),Y=0.0208K2+7.4996K+8499(Y=17.793K+7306)。由此提出,11000~12000 kg/hm2目标产量为投入农家有机肥8000~12000 kg/hm2、纯N量245~265 kg/hm2、P2O5量75~105 kg/hm2、K2O量210~265 kg/hm2,N:P:K比例1.00:0.35:0.93;目标产量15000 kg/hm2为投入农家有机肥15000~20000 kg/hm2、纯N量320 kg/hm2、P2O5量190 kg/hm2、K2O量410 kg/hm2,N:P:K比例1.00:0.59:1.28。后者生产成本大幅度提高,生产风险大幅度上升,需集成超级栽培、肥料运筹、病虫防治、水桨管理等一系列协调促进,才能实现预期目标。
為瞭探明超級雜交稻‘甬優12’產量與施肥量關繫,揭示其單季稻超高產栽培需肥規律,提升整體施肥技術水平,在統一栽培技術措施下測土配方施肥,跟蹤調查2012—2013年12箇示範方不同施肥組閤及施肥量,以專傢組實割實收攷查產量的方法,對單季稻‘甬優12’施肥量與產量關繫及超高產栽培施肥技術進行研究。結果錶明,在土壤肥力水平中等的情況下,單季晚稻‘甬優12’產量(Y)隨施肥量(有機肥F和N、P、K)增加而遞升且呈冪次函數(近似線性)遞升,其關繫模型為:Y=0.00003F2-0.2963F+11302(Y=0.2301F+9258),Y=0.0504N2+24.566N+1953(Y=51.243N-1543),Y=0.0361P2+26.596P+8707(Y=34.143P+8358),Y=0.0208K2+7.4996K+8499(Y=17.793K+7306)。由此提齣,11000~12000 kg/hm2目標產量為投入農傢有機肥8000~12000 kg/hm2、純N量245~265 kg/hm2、P2O5量75~105 kg/hm2、K2O量210~265 kg/hm2,N:P:K比例1.00:0.35:0.93;目標產量15000 kg/hm2為投入農傢有機肥15000~20000 kg/hm2、純N量320 kg/hm2、P2O5量190 kg/hm2、K2O量410 kg/hm2,N:P:K比例1.00:0.59:1.28。後者生產成本大幅度提高,生產風險大幅度上升,需集成超級栽培、肥料運籌、病蟲防治、水槳管理等一繫列協調促進,纔能實現預期目標。
위료탐명초급잡교도‘용우12’산량여시비량관계,게시기단계도초고산재배수비규률,제승정체시비기술수평,재통일재배기술조시하측토배방시비,근종조사2012—2013년12개시범방불동시비조합급시비량,이전가조실할실수고사산량적방법,대단계도‘용우12’시비량여산량관계급초고산재배시비기술진행연구。결과표명,재토양비력수평중등적정황하,단계만도‘용우12’산량(Y)수시비량(유궤비F화N、P、K)증가이체승차정멱차함수(근사선성)체승,기관계모형위:Y=0.00003F2-0.2963F+11302(Y=0.2301F+9258),Y=0.0504N2+24.566N+1953(Y=51.243N-1543),Y=0.0361P2+26.596P+8707(Y=34.143P+8358),Y=0.0208K2+7.4996K+8499(Y=17.793K+7306)。유차제출,11000~12000 kg/hm2목표산량위투입농가유궤비8000~12000 kg/hm2、순N량245~265 kg/hm2、P2O5량75~105 kg/hm2、K2O량210~265 kg/hm2,N:P:K비례1.00:0.35:0.93;목표산량15000 kg/hm2위투입농가유궤비15000~20000 kg/hm2、순N량320 kg/hm2、P2O5량190 kg/hm2、K2O량410 kg/hm2,N:P:K비례1.00:0.59:1.28。후자생산성본대폭도제고,생산풍험대폭도상승,수집성초급재배、비료운주、병충방치、수장관리등일계렬협조촉진,재능실현예기목표。
The relationship between fertilization level and yield of‘Yongyou 12’and the technique of fertilization for super high yield cultivation were studied in this research. Fertilization was conducted according to the soil fertile level under the unified cultivation technology. Follow up investigation was carried out of 12 demonstrations of different fertilizer combinations and the amount of fertilizer from 2012 to 2013. The rice yield was examined by the experts harvesting. Our data serve as a useful tool for elucidating the relationship between fertilization level and yield of‘Yongyou 12’and its fertilization techniques in super-high-yielding cultivation. The results showed that under moderate soil fertility levels, the yield (Y) of‘Yongyou 12’was accelerated with the increase of fertilizer application, according with the power function showed as Y=0.00003F2-0.2963F+11302 (Y=0.2301F+9258), Y=0.0504N2+24.566N+1953 (Y=51.243N-1543), Y=0.0361P2+26.596P+870 (Y=34.143P+8358), Y=0.0208K2+7.4996K+8499 (Y=17.793K+7306). Based on the function, the paper summarized a fertilizer combination for‘Yongyou 12’to obtain yield to 11000-12000 kg/hm2, in which, organic fertilizer was 8000-12000 kg/hm2, nitrogen (N) was 245-265 kg/hm2, phosphor (P2O5) was 75-105 kg/hm2 and potassium (K2O) was 210-265 kg/hm2, the structure of N, P, K ratio was 1.00:0.35:0.93. In another fertilizer combination for‘Yongyou 12’to obtain yield to 15000 kg/hm2, organic fertilizer was 15000-20000 kg/hm2, nitrogen (N) was 320 kg/hm2, phosphor (P2O5) was 190 kg/hm2 and potassium (K2O) was 410 kg/hm2, the structure of N, P, K ratio was 1.00:0.59:1.28, and this combination increased both production costs and risk remarkably. For living up to the expectations, a series of coordination measures were suggested including super cultivation, fertilizer application, water management and control of diseases and pets.