CAJ | 학술논문

为了解决过量施肥、盲目施肥、肥料利用率偏低等问题，通过大量的田间肥料试验，研究施肥指标体系，旨在更好地指导当地农民科学施肥。根据“3414”田间试验结果，将土壤养分含量水平划分为“丰富”、“中等”和“缺乏”3个等级，建立莆田地区甘薯土壤速效氮磷钾丰缺指标。结果表明，与甘薯相对产量75%~90%相对应的土壤碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的丰缺指标临界值分别为85~128 mg/kg、10~24 mg/kg和42~115 mg/kg。通过肥料效应函数计算出的各试验点的推荐施肥量与相对应的土壤有效氮磷钾含量测试值之间呈指数回归关系，由回归方程得出，中等肥力水平下的推荐施氮量范围为114~168 kg/hm2，推荐施磷量范围为51~62 kg/hm2，推荐施钾量范围为159~323 kg/hm2。
위료해결과량시비、맹목시비、비료이용솔편저등문제，통과대량적전간비료시험，연구시비지표체계，지재경호지지도당지농민과학시비。근거“3414”전간시험결과，장토양양분함량수평화분위“봉부”、“중등”화“결핍”3개등급，건립보전지구감서토양속효담린갑봉결지표。결과표명，여감서상대산량75%~90%상대응적토양감해담、유효린화속효갑적봉결지표림계치분별위85~128 mg/kg、10~24 mg/kg화42~115 mg/kg。통과비료효응함수계산출적각시험점적추천시비량여상대응적토양유효담린갑함량측시치지간정지수회귀관계，유회귀방정득출，중등비력수평하적추천시담량범위위114~168 kg/hm2，추천시린량범위위51~62 kg/hm2，추천시갑량범위위159~323 kg/hm2。
Because of excessive fertilization, blind fertilization and low fertilizer use efficiency, the study of soil test and formula fertilization index system on sweet potato was carried out through a lot of field experiments of fertilizer to guide farmers for better scientific fertilization. This paper illustrated a system, based on the“3414”field tests, which divided soil nutrient content into sufficiency, medium and deficiency grades and established indices to show the degree of sufficiency or deficiency on available N, P and K in soil for sweet potato in Putian. The results indicated that the critical value of sufficiency and deficiency for soil alkali-hydrolyzable N, Olsen-P and available K were 85-128 mg/kg, 10-24 mg/kg and 42-115 mg/kg, corresponding to 75%-90% relative yield of the sweet potato. The recommended fertilizer amount from the fertilizer effect function and the soil NPK test values were exponential regression relation. Obtained from the regression equation, the recommended fertilizer amount of NPK were 114-168 kg/hm2, 51-62 kg/hm2 and 159-323 kg/hm2 under the medium fertility level.