CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解海勤人员疗养期间压力反应状况,分析压力反应与一般人口统计学因素的关系,为海勤人员疗养期间压力反应的进一步干预提供依据.方法对分层随机抽样抽取的492名入院疗养的海勤疗养员,采用工作压力反应量表进行问卷调查,其中舰艇人员165人,潜艇人员173人,潜水员105人,测量其生理压力反应、行为压力反应、心理压力反应和整体压力反应得分并进行统计学分析.结果生理压力反应得分(1.06±0.67)分,行为压力反应得分(0.89 ±0.67)分,心理压力反应得分(1.00±0.84)分,整体的压力反应得分(0.98±0.73)分,均处在较好的水平.整体压力反应严重29人,占5.89％.最常见的工作压力反应:吸烟增多[(1.79±1.20)分]、感到疲劳[(1.67±0.97)分]、记忆力下降[(1.19±1.08)分]、睡眠不佳[(1.17±1.02)分]、注意力不集中[(1.13±1.02)分];舰艇人员、潜艇人员、潜水员在压力反应量表(F =0.040,P=0.961)及生理反应(F=0.606,P=0.546)、行为反应(F=0.086,P=0.917)、心理反应(F =0.382,P=0.683)分量表的得分差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);随着年龄的增大压力反应逐步降低,但各年龄段之间差异无统计学意义(F=0.747,P=0.561);高中及中专文化程度的较本科及硕士文化程度的压力反应相对严重,差异有统计学意义(F=4.469,P =0.002).结论海勤人员中仍存在一定比例的高压力反应人群,年龄小、文化程度低的海勤人员尤其需要更好、更多的心理支持,在海勤人员疗养期间开展压力认知训练和防护培训是必要的.
목적 료해해근인원요양기간압력반응상황,분석압력반응여일반인구통계학인소적관계,위해근인원요양기간압력반응적진일보간예제공의거.방법 대분층수궤추양추취적492명입원요양적해근요양원,채용공작압력반응량표진행문권조사,기중함정인원165인,잠정인원173인,잠수원105인,측량기생리압력반응、행위압력반응、심리압력반응화정체압력반응득분병진행통계학분석.결과 생리압력반응득분(1.06±0.67)분,행위압력반응득분(0.89 ±0.67)분,심리압력반응득분(1.00±0.84)분,정체적압력반응득분(0.98±0.73)분,균처재교호적수평.정체압력반응엄중29인,점5.89％.최상견적공작압력반응:흡연증다[(1.79±1.20)분]、감도피로[(1.67±0.97)분]、기억력하강[(1.19±1.08)분]、수면불가[(1.17±1.02)분]、주의력불집중[(1.13±1.02)분];함정인원、잠정인원、잠수원재압력반응량표(F =0.040,P=0.961)급생리반응(F=0.606,P=0.546)、행위반응(F=0.086,P=0.917)、심리반응(F =0.382,P=0.683)분량표적득분차이균무통계학의의(P＞0.05);수착년령적증대압력반응축보강저,단각년령단지간차이무통계학의의(F=0.747,P=0.561);고중급중전문화정도적교본과급석사문화정도적압력반응상대엄중,차이유통계학의의(F=4.469,P =0.002).결론 해근인원중잉존재일정비례적고압력반응인군,년령소、문화정도저적해근인원우기수요경호、경다적심리지지,재해근인원요양기간개전압력인지훈련화방호배훈시필요적.
Objective To investigate the status of stress reaction among shipboard naval personnel during their stay in the sanatorium,and also to analyze the relationship between stress reaction and general demographic factors,so as to provide evidence for intervention in the stress reaction among shipboard naval personnel.Methods By using stratified random sampling method,492 shipboard naval personnel admitted into the sanatorium received a survey in the form of Stress Reaction Questionnaire (SRQ).Of the 492 people surveyed,165 were surface ship personnel,173 were submariners and another 105 were divers.Scores of physiological stress reaction,behavioral stress reaction,psychological stress reaction and comprehensive stress reaction were measured and statistical analyses were made accordingly.Results The scores of physiological stress reaction were(1.06 ± 0.67),the scores of behavioral stress reaction were(0.89 ± 0.67),the scores of psychological stress reaction were (1.00 ± 0.84) and the scores of comprehensive stress reaction were (0.98 ± 0.73),which were all within relatively good levels.Twenty-nine people had serious comprehensive stress reaction,accounting for 5.89％.The most common causes of stress reaction were:heavy smoking [(1.79 ± 1.20) scores],fatigue [(1.67 ± 0.97) scores],decreased memeory [(1.19 ± 1.08) scores],poor sleep [(1.17 ± 1.02) scores] and poor concentration(1.13 ± 1.02) scores].No significant differences in the scores of stress reaction (F =0.040,P =0.961),the scores of physiological stress reaction (F =0.606,P =0.546),the scores of behavioral stress reaction(F =0.086,P =0.917)and the scores of psychological stress reaction(F =0.382,P-=0.683) could be noted,when comparisons were made between the surface ship personnel,submariners and divers(P ＞ 0.05).Stress reaction decreased with the increase of age,however,no statistical significance could be found between different age groups(F =0.747,P =0.561).Stress reaction for those with high school and secondary specialized education was usually more serious than that for those with regular university education or with a master degree,and statistical significance could be noted,when comparisons were made between them(F =4.469,P =0.002).Conclusions Research results indicated a certain proportion of shipboard personnel had high stress reaction.More and better psychological support for those shipboard personnel with younger age and low educational background were necessary and it was essential to conduct training on stress cognition and protection.