CAJ | 학술논문

综合评价南方稻区不同冬季绿肥种植下水稻对氮素的吸收利用特性，为水稻高产栽培中氮肥的合理运筹和水稻氮素营养性状改良提供依据。比较不同冬季绿肥紫云英、油菜、黑麦草及混播绿肥对后作水稻产量、生长动态及氮素吸收利用的变化。结果表明：(l)处理紫云英-早稻-晚稻（Mv-R-R）的早稻产量分别比黑麦草-早稻-晚稻（RG-R-R）、油菜-早稻-晚稻（RP-R-R）、混播绿肥-早稻-晚稻（MS-R-R）高6.61%、3.29%及.078%。(2)在分集期、孕穗期、抽穗期和成熟期植株含氮率均是处理 Mv-RR达到最大，较其他处理平均分别高9.68%、19.72%、.623%和8.6%。在分集期、孕穗期、抽穗期和成熟期植株吸氮量均是处理M-VR-R最高，处理 RP-R-R最低。(3)处理M-VR-R在分集期至孕穗期、孕穗期至抽穗期及抽穗期至成熟期各处理的吸收量较其他处理平均分别高出21.81%、68.73%和28.65%，且绿肥轮作条件下水稻氮素阶段吸收量及其占总吸收量的比例均以抽穗至成熟期最小，最大值所处的生育阶段则是分集前。因此，M-VR-R处理具有较高的增产潜力，有利于提高氮肥利用效率，改善稻田氮素循环。
종합평개남방도구불동동계록비충식하수도대담소적흡수이용특성，위수도고산재배중담비적합리운주화수도담소영양성상개량제공의거。비교불동동계록비자운영、유채、흑맥초급혼파록비대후작수도산량、생장동태급담소흡수이용적변화。결과표명：(l)처리자운영-조도-만도（Mv-R-R）적조도산량분별비흑맥초-조도-만도（RG-R-R）、유채-조도-만도（RP-R-R）、혼파록비-조도-만도（MS-R-R）고6.61%、3.29%급.078%。(2)재분집기、잉수기、추수기화성숙기식주함담솔균시처리 Mv-RR체도최대，교기타처리평균분별고9.68%、19.72%、.623%화8.6%。재분집기、잉수기、추수기화성숙기식주흡담량균시처리M-VR-R최고，처리 RP-R-R최저。(3)처리M-VR-R재분집기지잉수기、잉수기지추수기급추수기지성숙기각처리적흡수량교기타처리평균분별고출21.81%、68.73%화28.65%，차록비륜작조건하수도담소계단흡수량급기점총흡수량적비례균이추수지성숙기최소，최대치소처적생육계단칙시분집전。인차，M-VR-R처리구유교고적증산잠력，유리우제고담비이용효솔，개선도전담소순배。
This study aimed to comprehensive evaluation of different winter green ma-nure on characterization of nitrogen uptake and utilization, to provide the basis for N fertilizer reasonable operation and characteristics improvement of nitrogen nutrition in rice high-yield cultivation. This experiment was set to compare milk vetch, rapeseed, ryegrass and mixed of green manure on rice yield, rice growth dynamics and nitro-gen uptake and utilization in rice. The results showed that among 4 different winter green manure, the treatment of MV-R-R (milk vetch-rice-rice) for the early rice yield was the most than others treatments. Compared with RG-R-R (ryegrass-rice-rice), RP-R-R (rapeseed-rice-rice), MS-R-R (mixed green manure-rice-rice), the treatment of MV-R-R inceased by 6.61%, 3.29%, 0.78%, respectively. The treatment of MV-R-R in N content in plant of rice was maximized in the til ering, booting, heading and maturity periods, respectively higher than the average of other treatments 9.68%, 19.72%, 6.23% and 8.66%. At til ering, booting, heading and maturity, the treatment of MV-R-R were the highest in N uptake, RP-R-R minimum. The N periodic accumulation for MV-R-R were higher than other treatments in the til ering to booting, booting to head-ing and heading to maturity periods. The rates respectively were 21.81%, 68.73% and 286.5%. In addition, N periodic accumulation and its ratio to total in the heading to maturity was minimum, maximum before til ering under green manure rotation system. So the cropping system of milk vetch-rice-rice could increase nitrogen use efficiency and improve N cycling.