合肥工业大学学报（自然科学版）
閤肥工業大學學報（自然科學版）
합비공업대학학보（자연과학판）
JOURNAL OF HEFEI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY(NATURAL SCIENCE)
2015年
5期
686-693
,共8页
熊鸿斌%胡海文%王振祥%王晓辉
熊鴻斌%鬍海文%王振祥%王曉輝
웅홍빈%호해문%왕진상%왕효휘
淮南矿区%土壤重金属污染%内梅罗指数法%分布特征%溯源分析
淮南礦區%土壤重金屬汙染%內梅囉指數法%分佈特徵%溯源分析
회남광구%토양중금속오염%내매라지수법%분포특정%소원분석
Huainan mining area%heavy metal pollution in soil%Nemero index method%distribution characteristic%pollution source analysis
为了研究矿区内土壤中重金属的污染溯源及分布特征，文章以淮南矿区为例，分别采集了在淮南矿区内新庄孜矿、潘一矿和顾桥矿3个矿区周边47个表层土壤样品，运用内梅罗综合指数法对重金属污染程度进行评价，并应用地累积指数法进行对比验证，探讨主要污染元素的污染溯源及分布特征。结果表明：2种方法获得的指数评价结果基本一致，考虑到土壤背景值具有地区差异性，所以以淮南地区土壤背景值为标准的内梅罗指数法的评价结果的参考性更大。矿区受到了以As、Cd为主要污染元素的重金属污染，As的综合污染指数从大到小排序为新庄孜矿＞潘一矿＞顾桥矿；Cd的污染指数从大到小排序为顾桥矿＞潘一矿＞新庄孜矿。综合考虑水文气象、地表径流以及煤矿开采量、开采工艺等条件，煤矿设计生产能力和实际开采产量是影响土壤Cd污染的主要因素，而As污染主要是由于煤矿长期进行采矿作业在土壤中严重累积以及矿山开采的伴生矿所导致。污染物的水平分布特征表明，污染物含量并不随距离煤矸石堆的距离远近而有规律地变化，煤矸石的露天堆放对矿区附近土壤的影响并不明显。
為瞭研究礦區內土壤中重金屬的汙染溯源及分佈特徵，文章以淮南礦區為例，分彆採集瞭在淮南礦區內新莊孜礦、潘一礦和顧橋礦3箇礦區週邊47箇錶層土壤樣品，運用內梅囉綜閤指數法對重金屬汙染程度進行評價，併應用地纍積指數法進行對比驗證，探討主要汙染元素的汙染溯源及分佈特徵。結果錶明：2種方法穫得的指數評價結果基本一緻，攷慮到土壤揹景值具有地區差異性，所以以淮南地區土壤揹景值為標準的內梅囉指數法的評價結果的參攷性更大。礦區受到瞭以As、Cd為主要汙染元素的重金屬汙染，As的綜閤汙染指數從大到小排序為新莊孜礦＞潘一礦＞顧橋礦；Cd的汙染指數從大到小排序為顧橋礦＞潘一礦＞新莊孜礦。綜閤攷慮水文氣象、地錶徑流以及煤礦開採量、開採工藝等條件，煤礦設計生產能力和實際開採產量是影響土壤Cd汙染的主要因素，而As汙染主要是由于煤礦長期進行採礦作業在土壤中嚴重纍積以及礦山開採的伴生礦所導緻。汙染物的水平分佈特徵錶明，汙染物含量併不隨距離煤矸石堆的距離遠近而有規律地變化，煤矸石的露天堆放對礦區附近土壤的影響併不明顯。
위료연구광구내토양중중금속적오염소원급분포특정，문장이회남광구위례，분별채집료재회남광구내신장자광、반일광화고교광3개광구주변47개표층토양양품，운용내매라종합지수법대중금속오염정도진행평개，병응용지루적지수법진행대비험증，탐토주요오염원소적오염소원급분포특정。결과표명：2충방법획득적지수평개결과기본일치，고필도토양배경치구유지구차이성，소이이회남지구토양배경치위표준적내매라지수법적평개결과적삼고성경대。광구수도료이As、Cd위주요오염원소적중금속오염，As적종합오염지수종대도소배서위신장자광＞반일광＞고교광；Cd적오염지수종대도소배서위고교광＞반일광＞신장자광。종합고필수문기상、지표경류이급매광개채량、개채공예등조건，매광설계생산능력화실제개채산량시영향토양Cd오염적주요인소，이As오염주요시유우매광장기진행채광작업재토양중엄중루적이급광산개채적반생광소도치。오염물적수평분포특정표명，오염물함량병불수거리매안석퇴적거리원근이유규률지변화，매안석적로천퇴방대광구부근토양적영향병불명현。
In order to research the distribution characteristics and pollution source of heavy metal pollu‐tion in soil in the mining area ,47 surface soil samples around the Xinzhuangzi Mine ,Panyi Mine and Guqiao Mine in Huainan mining area are collected .The extent of heavy metal contamination is evalua‐ted by using the Nemero index method ,and compared by using the geo‐accumulation index method . The distribution characteristics and pollution source of the main pollutants are analyzed .The result shows that the index evaluation results of two methods are basically consistent ,considering the soil background value with regional differences ,the evaluation result of the Nemero index method w hich uses the soil background values in Huainan area as the standard is more referenceable than the other one .The As and Cd are the main pollutants of heavy metal pollution in soil in mining area .The com‐prehensive pollution index of As in Xinzhuangzi Mine is the highest ,followed by Panyi Mine and Gu‐qiao Mine ,and the index of Cd in Guqiao Mine is the highest ,followed by Panyi Mine and Xinzhuang‐zi Mine .Considering the conditions of hydrology and meteorology ,surface runoff ,the amount of coal mining and mining technology ,it can be proved that the coal production capacity and actual production yield is the main factor for the pollution of Cd ,while the pollution of As mainly results from the seri‐ous accumulation caused by the long‐term mining and smelting of coal mine .The horizontal distribu‐tion characteristics of pollutants show that the content of pollutants does not regularly change with the increasing distance of the coal gangue .T he effect of coal gangue piled up in the open air on the soil nearby the mining area is not obvious .
