中国基层医药
中國基層醫藥
중국기층의약
CHINESE JOURNAL OF PRIMARY MEDICINE AND PHARMACY
2015年
11期
1661-1664,1665
,共5页
重症肺炎%临床特点%病原学%影像学%儿童
重癥肺炎%臨床特點%病原學%影像學%兒童
중증폐염%림상특점%병원학%영상학%인동
Severe pneumonia%Clinical characteristics%Etiology%Imaging%Child
目的:总结小儿重症肺炎的临床特点,以提高诊疗水平,改善患儿转归。方法回顾性分析10年住院重症肺炎患儿的临床表现及体征、基础疾病、病原学检查、影像学检查资料,并与同期住院的120例小儿普通肺炎进行对比分析。结果193例重症肺炎患儿中男127例,女63例,男女比例2:1;其中0~3岁的患儿115例(60.0%);冬春季为发病高峰,为125例,占发病总数65.0%;193例患儿均有发热,体温39~41℃98例,占50.8%;患儿入院时有呼吸系统症状,包括咳嗽183例(94.8%),喘息113例(58.5%);患儿均有呼吸困难、气促或发绀,肺部湿啰音105例(54.3%),呼吸功能不全或呼吸衰竭152例(78.7%),急性呼吸窘迫综合征12例(6.2%),心力衰竭163例(84.5%),腹胀67例(34.7%);23例(14.1%)需要机械通气。肺炎支原体抗体阳性91例(47.2%);行血清病毒抗体及呼吸道病毒抗原检测,检测出阳性抗体20例(10.4%);体液培养(痰培养、胸水培养及血培养)共培养出阳性菌株31例(16.1%),其中铜绿假单胞菌7例(3.6%),大肠埃希菌6例(3.1%),肺炎克雷伯杆菌6例(3.1%),阴沟杆菌5例(2.6%),肺炎链球菌3例(1.6%),草绿色链球菌2例(1.0%),溶血性葡萄球菌1例(0.5%),放射土壤杆菌1例(0.5%),真菌为假丝酵母菌2例(1.0%)。影像学结果,106例(54.9%)均呈肺叶或节段性大片状密度增高影或肺实质炎症浸润性病变。表现为肺间质炎性病变(如肺纹理增多、模糊、内中带条絮影等)占87例(33.2%),有胸腔积液30例(15.5%),肺不张18例(9.3%),脓胸16例(8.3%)。结论重症肺炎临床表现重,易出现心力衰竭、呼吸衰竭等合并症,临床疑诊重症肺炎时尽早完善病原学及胸部影像学检查,早诊断,早治疗。
目的:總結小兒重癥肺炎的臨床特點,以提高診療水平,改善患兒轉歸。方法迴顧性分析10年住院重癥肺炎患兒的臨床錶現及體徵、基礎疾病、病原學檢查、影像學檢查資料,併與同期住院的120例小兒普通肺炎進行對比分析。結果193例重癥肺炎患兒中男127例,女63例,男女比例2:1;其中0~3歲的患兒115例(60.0%);鼕春季為髮病高峰,為125例,佔髮病總數65.0%;193例患兒均有髮熱,體溫39~41℃98例,佔50.8%;患兒入院時有呼吸繫統癥狀,包括咳嗽183例(94.8%),喘息113例(58.5%);患兒均有呼吸睏難、氣促或髮紺,肺部濕啰音105例(54.3%),呼吸功能不全或呼吸衰竭152例(78.7%),急性呼吸窘迫綜閤徵12例(6.2%),心力衰竭163例(84.5%),腹脹67例(34.7%);23例(14.1%)需要機械通氣。肺炎支原體抗體暘性91例(47.2%);行血清病毒抗體及呼吸道病毒抗原檢測,檢測齣暘性抗體20例(10.4%);體液培養(痰培養、胸水培養及血培養)共培養齣暘性菌株31例(16.1%),其中銅綠假單胞菌7例(3.6%),大腸埃希菌6例(3.1%),肺炎剋雷伯桿菌6例(3.1%),陰溝桿菌5例(2.6%),肺炎鏈毬菌3例(1.6%),草綠色鏈毬菌2例(1.0%),溶血性葡萄毬菌1例(0.5%),放射土壤桿菌1例(0.5%),真菌為假絲酵母菌2例(1.0%)。影像學結果,106例(54.9%)均呈肺葉或節段性大片狀密度增高影或肺實質炎癥浸潤性病變。錶現為肺間質炎性病變(如肺紋理增多、模糊、內中帶條絮影等)佔87例(33.2%),有胸腔積液30例(15.5%),肺不張18例(9.3%),膿胸16例(8.3%)。結論重癥肺炎臨床錶現重,易齣現心力衰竭、呼吸衰竭等閤併癥,臨床疑診重癥肺炎時儘早完善病原學及胸部影像學檢查,早診斷,早治療。
목적:총결소인중증폐염적림상특점,이제고진료수평,개선환인전귀。방법회고성분석10년주원중증폐염환인적림상표현급체정、기출질병、병원학검사、영상학검사자료,병여동기주원적120례소인보통폐염진행대비분석。결과193례중증폐염환인중남127례,녀63례,남녀비례2:1;기중0~3세적환인115례(60.0%);동춘계위발병고봉,위125례,점발병총수65.0%;193례환인균유발열,체온39~41℃98례,점50.8%;환인입원시유호흡계통증상,포괄해수183례(94.8%),천식113례(58.5%);환인균유호흡곤난、기촉혹발감,폐부습라음105례(54.3%),호흡공능불전혹호흡쇠갈152례(78.7%),급성호흡군박종합정12례(6.2%),심력쇠갈163례(84.5%),복창67례(34.7%);23례(14.1%)수요궤계통기。폐염지원체항체양성91례(47.2%);행혈청병독항체급호흡도병독항원검측,검측출양성항체20례(10.4%);체액배양(담배양、흉수배양급혈배양)공배양출양성균주31례(16.1%),기중동록가단포균7례(3.6%),대장애희균6례(3.1%),폐염극뢰백간균6례(3.1%),음구간균5례(2.6%),폐염련구균3례(1.6%),초록색련구균2례(1.0%),용혈성포도구균1례(0.5%),방사토양간균1례(0.5%),진균위가사효모균2례(1.0%)。영상학결과,106례(54.9%)균정폐협혹절단성대편상밀도증고영혹폐실질염증침윤성병변。표현위폐간질염성병변(여폐문리증다、모호、내중대조서영등)점87례(33.2%),유흉강적액30례(15.5%),폐불장18례(9.3%),농흉16례(8.3%)。결론중증폐염림상표현중,역출현심력쇠갈、호흡쇠갈등합병증,림상의진중증폐염시진조완선병원학급흉부영상학검사,조진단,조치료。
Objective To sum up the clinical characteristics of children with severe pneumonia,and in order to improve the dingnosis treatment and prognosis.Methods Restrospective analysis was carried out on the clinical manifestations signs basic diseases etiology check imaging of children with severe pneumonia who had been in the hos-pital for ten years,and with the same period,120 children with common pneumonia in hospital were compared with and analyzed.Results Among 193 case,boys was 127 cases,girls was 63 cases,with males to females rate of 21.115 cases(60.0%)were aged 0 year to 3 years old.The onset of 125 cases(65.0%)were winter and spring.All patients had fever 98 cases(50.8%)with high temperature of 39 -41℃,all patients suffered from respiratory symp-toms,including 183 cases(94.8%)with cough,113 cases(58.5%)with breathing.All patients suffered from diffi-cult breathing,shortness of breath on cyanosis(=cyanopathy),105 cases(54.3%)with wet lung rate,152 cases (78.7%)with respiratory insufficiency on respiratory failure,12 cases(6.2%)with acute respiratory distress syn-drome,163 cases (84.5%)with heart failure,67 cases (34.7%)with abdominal distension,23 cases needed mechanical ventication.91 cases(47.2%)with antibodies positime for mycoplasma pneumoniae infection when testing servm virns antibody and respiratory virus antigen.20 cases(10.4%)were found to have positive antibody,conduc-ting fluid culture,cultivate a positive strains of 31 cases(16.1%),including 7 cases(3.6%)of psendomonas aerngi-nosa,6 cases(3.1%)of eschericria coli,6 cases(3.1%)of klebsiella pneumoniae,5 cases(2.6%)of enterobacter cloacae,3 cases(1.6%)of streptococlus pneumoniae,2 cases(1.0%)of viridans streptococci,1 case(0.5%)of hemolytic staphylococci,1 case(0.5%)of radiation agrobacterium,2 cases(1.0%)of candida mycoderma bacteria which was fungi.The imaging indicated.106 cases(54.9%)presented as lobi pulmonis or segmental large patches of dense increased shadom or pulmonary parenchymal inflammatory lesions the performance of lung interstitial inflammatory lesionsl(such as increased lung markings,fuzzy and with flocculant shadow etc)were 87 cases(33.2%).30 cases (15.5%)suffered from pleural effusion,18 cases(9.3%)suffered a telectasis with in the chest,16 cases(8.3%) suffered from empyema.Conclusion Children with severe pneumonia had prone to heart failure respiratory failure, complication.The clinical manifestations of severe pneumonia is severe.Clinically suspected severe.Pneumonia should complete etiological and chest radiographic examination for early diagnosis and treatment.