CAJ | 학술논문

目的：探讨中国人群中不同年龄以及不同认知状态下空间导航能力的改变规律。方法收集南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院神经内科记忆门诊84例被试者，对被试者进行空间导航能力测试(人类虚拟水迷宫试验：环境参照导航与自我参照导航)以及神经心理学评价。将被试者分为正常组(49例)、轻度认知功能障碍组(28例)及轻度痴呆组(7例)，比较不同认知状态下空间导航各方面能力的改变。结果轻度认知功能障碍组环境参照导航与自我参照导航能力较正常组显著降低(P<0.05)，轻度痴呆组较轻度认知功能障碍组环境参照导航与自我参照导航能力显著降低(P<0.05)。结论空间导航能力随着认知功能的降低呈逐渐加重趋势，表现为轻度认知功能障碍组环境参照导航与自我参照导航能力的轻度损害，轻度痴呆组环境参照导航与自我参照导航能力损害进一步加重。本研究结果证明了人类虚拟水迷宫测试在中国人群中应用的可行性，分析了中国人群认知功能与空间导航能力改变的规律，为以后空间导航障碍的进一步研究打下基础。
목적：탐토중국인군중불동년령이급불동인지상태하공간도항능력적개변규률。방법수집남경대학의학원부속고루의원신경내과기억문진84례피시자，대피시자진행공간도항능력측시(인류허의수미궁시험：배경삼조도항여자아삼조도항)이급신경심이학평개。장피시자분위정상조(49례)、경도인지공능장애조(28례)급경도치태조(7례)，비교불동인지상태하공간도항각방면능력적개변。결과경도인지공능장애조배경삼조도항여자아삼조도항능력교정상조현저강저(P<0.05)，경도치태조교경도인지공능장애조배경삼조도항여자아삼조도항능력현저강저(P<0.05)。결론공간도항능력수착인지공능적강저정축점가중추세，표현위경도인지공능장애조배경삼조도항여자아삼조도항능력적경도손해，경도치태조배경삼조도항여자아삼조도항능력손해진일보가중。본연구결과증명료인류허의수미궁측시재중국인군중응용적가행성，분석료중국인군인지공능여공간도항능력개변적규률，위이후공간도항장애적진일보연구타하기출。
Aim To characterize the pattern of spatial navigation in different cognitive level and ages in Chinese population.MethodsEighty-four participants were recruited at the memory clinic of neurology department in the Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital. All participants underwent neuropsychological assessment and spatial navigation test in the PC version of human analog of the Morris Water Maze, which has the advantage of assessing separately allocentric and egocentric navigation. Then the performance of spatial navigation were compared in different cognitive level (normal aging=49, mild cognitive impairment=28, mild dementia=7) and ages of the participants.ResultsThe performance of allocentric and egocentric navigation were signiifcantly decreased in the mild dementia compared with the mild cognitive impairment and the normal aging (P<0.05). The performance of allocentric and egocentric navigation were also significantly decreased in the mild cognitive impairment compared with the normal aging (P<0.05). Conclusion The performance of spatial navigation decreased with the cognitive function impairment. Allocentric and egocentric navigation impaired in mild cognitive impairment and get worse when advanced to mild dementia. This study clearly proved the feasibility of human analog of the Morris Water Maze to study spatial memory deifcits and characterize the pattern of spatial navigation in different cognitive level and ages in Chinese population, which was the base for the future study in spatial navigation.