CAJ | 학술논문

目的：了解临夏州农村儿童家长对免疫规划认知水平、态度、行为及影响因素，为有效干预提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层抽样法对307名0～6岁儿童家长进行 KAP 问卷调查。结果临夏州儿童家长免疫规划知识总知晓率80.0％，其中知道3种以上疫苗的仅为34.2％，知晓3种以上传染病的为18.6％。总知晓率在不同民族、职业、文化程度、家庭收入及居住地之间差异显著（P ＜0.05或0.01），总得分为（11.78±2.30）分，最低5分，最高16分，及格率为66.8％，满分率为1.6％。Logistic 回归分析结果显示，影响儿童家长免疫规划知识的主要因素是文化程度（OR ＝0.100）、性别（OR ＝0.292）、民族（OR ＝0.181）和村医是否经常宣传通知接种疫苗（OR ＝28.065）。预防接种正确行为形成情况，80.5％家长能经常带孩子去打防疫针，预防接种证携带率为85.0％，村医接种通知率82.1％。儿童家长免疫规划认知态度积极、求知欲望强烈，但相关知识信息来源少，村医是儿童家长获取信息的主要渠道。结论应针对不同的人群制订出不同的宣传策略，开展多种形式的健康教育，强化大众传媒的宣传，加大对农民及文化程度低、少数民族乡村的健康教育力度，提高家长的免疫规划知识知晓率和主动参与率，从而提高疫苗接种率。
목적：료해림하주농촌인동가장대면역규화인지수평、태도、행위급영향인소，위유효간예제공의거。방법채용다계단분층추양법대307명0～6세인동가장진행 KAP 문권조사。결과림하주인동가장면역규화지식총지효솔80.0％，기중지도3충이상역묘적부위34.2％，지효3충이상전염병적위18.6％。총지효솔재불동민족、직업、문화정도、가정수입급거주지지간차이현저（P ＜0.05혹0.01），총득분위（11.78±2.30）분，최저5분，최고16분，급격솔위66.8％，만분솔위1.6％。Logistic 회귀분석결과현시，영향인동가장면역규화지식적주요인소시문화정도（OR ＝0.100）、성별（OR ＝0.292）、민족（OR ＝0.181）화촌의시부경상선전통지접충역묘（OR ＝28.065）。예방접충정학행위형성정황，80.5％가장능경상대해자거타방역침，예방접충증휴대솔위85.0％，촌의접충통지솔82.1％。인동가장면역규화인지태도적겁、구지욕망강렬，단상관지식신식래원소，촌의시인동가장획취신식적주요거도。결론응침대불동적인군제정출불동적선전책략，개전다충형식적건강교육，강화대음전매적선전，가대대농민급문화정도저、소수민족향촌적건강교육력도，제고가장적면역규화지식지효솔화주동삼여솔，종이제고역묘접충솔。
Objective To investigate the influencing factors of cognition,attitude and behavior on the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI)among parents of children in Linxia Hui autonomous prefecture,and provide a basis for effective intervention.Methods Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP)questionnaire was conducted among 307 parents with 0 ~6 year old children,selected with random cluster sampling method.Results The awareness rate of EPI among parents was 80.0%,34.2% of them knew more than 3 kinds of vaccines,and 18.6% of them knew about more than 3 kinds of in-fectious diseases.The awareness rates among different nationality,educational level (OR =0.100),sex (OR =0.292), nation (OR =0.181 and place of residence (OR =28.065)had significant difference (P <0.05 or 0.01).The total score was (11.78 ±2.30),the lowest point was 5,and the highest was 16.The pass rate was 66.8%,full mark rate was 1.6%.The result of unconditional logistic regression indicated that the nation,culture degree,occupation and village doc-tors often posted notice about vaccination was the main influencing factors.As to correct behavior of vaccination,80.5% of parents could often take their child to vaccination,vaccination certificate carrying rate was 85.0%,and the village doctors notified inoculation rate was 82.1%.Parents of children had positive attitude to immunization and strong desire for knowl-edge,but most of information source were from village doctors.Conclusion Different promotional strategies should be car-ried out among different people,and the publicity of mass media should be strengthened to increase low level of education a-mong farmers in minority region,and to improve the rate and activity participate of EPI among children parents,so as to im-prove the vaccination rate.