中国健康教育
中國健康教育
중국건강교육
CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION
2015年
4期
339-343
,共5页
冯缦%王百玲%刘燕%陈风华
馮縵%王百玲%劉燕%陳風華
풍만%왕백령%류연%진풍화
心理健康%生活事件%中小学生%少数民族地区
心理健康%生活事件%中小學生%少數民族地區
심리건강%생활사건%중소학생%소수민족지구
Mental health%Life events%Primary and middle school students%Minority Areas
目的：了解甘肃省回族地区农村中小学生心理健康状况，及其与生活事件的关系。方法以甘肃省临夏回族自治州306名农村中小学生作为研究对象，采用心理健康诊断测验（MHT）和青少年生活事件量表（ASLEC）测量心理健康状况和生活事件，MHT 总分＞65分认定存在心理障碍。结果心理问题检出率为1.31％，女生的恐怖倾向高于男生[（4.3±2.5）vs （3.6±2.4），P ＜0.05]，汉族学生的学习焦虑高于少数民族学生[（8.4±2.5）vs （7.7±2.3），P ＜0.05]，小学生的恐怖倾向高于初中学生[（4.2±2.4）vs （3.6±2.4）， P ＜0.05]；父母都外出学生的心理健康总分、对人焦虑、孤独倾向、身体状况和恐怖倾向高于父母无外出和父母1人在家的学生（P ＜0.01）；父母都外出学生的自责倾向高于父母无外出的学生[（5.8±2.1）vs （5.0±2.2）， P ＜0.05]；与父母感情亲密学生的心理健康总分低于与父母感情很淡的学生[（39.3±12.2）vs （48.8±5.8）， P ＜0.05]；与父母感情亲密学生的孤独倾向低于感情很淡和一般的学生（P ＜0.01）；与父母感情亲密和一般学生的身体症状得分低于感情很淡的学生（P ＜0.01）；相关分析表明甘肃省少数民族地区农村中小学生 MHT 总分与ASLEC 总分及人际关系、健康适应因子分呈正相关（r ＝0.15～0.22，P ＜0.01）；多元逐步回归分析表明，父母外出多（χ2＝0.188，P ＜0.01）、与父母感情淡漠（χ2＝－0.133，P ＜0.05）和负性生活事件中健康适应刺激量高（χ2＝0.217，P ＜0.01）的甘肃省少数民族地区农村中小学生 MHT 得分越高。结论甘肃省少数民族地区中小学生心理健康水平整体良好，非留守的甘肃省少数民族地区农村中小学生心理健康水平好于留守学生心理健康水平，该地区中小学生的心理健康水平可能与父母的外出情况、与父母的关系以及负性生活事件刺激量相关。
目的：瞭解甘肅省迴族地區農村中小學生心理健康狀況，及其與生活事件的關繫。方法以甘肅省臨夏迴族自治州306名農村中小學生作為研究對象，採用心理健康診斷測驗（MHT）和青少年生活事件量錶（ASLEC）測量心理健康狀況和生活事件，MHT 總分＞65分認定存在心理障礙。結果心理問題檢齣率為1.31％，女生的恐怖傾嚮高于男生[（4.3±2.5）vs （3.6±2.4），P ＜0.05]，漢族學生的學習焦慮高于少數民族學生[（8.4±2.5）vs （7.7±2.3），P ＜0.05]，小學生的恐怖傾嚮高于初中學生[（4.2±2.4）vs （3.6±2.4）， P ＜0.05]；父母都外齣學生的心理健康總分、對人焦慮、孤獨傾嚮、身體狀況和恐怖傾嚮高于父母無外齣和父母1人在傢的學生（P ＜0.01）；父母都外齣學生的自責傾嚮高于父母無外齣的學生[（5.8±2.1）vs （5.0±2.2）， P ＜0.05]；與父母感情親密學生的心理健康總分低于與父母感情很淡的學生[（39.3±12.2）vs （48.8±5.8）， P ＜0.05]；與父母感情親密學生的孤獨傾嚮低于感情很淡和一般的學生（P ＜0.01）；與父母感情親密和一般學生的身體癥狀得分低于感情很淡的學生（P ＜0.01）；相關分析錶明甘肅省少數民族地區農村中小學生 MHT 總分與ASLEC 總分及人際關繫、健康適應因子分呈正相關（r ＝0.15～0.22，P ＜0.01）；多元逐步迴歸分析錶明，父母外齣多（χ2＝0.188，P ＜0.01）、與父母感情淡漠（χ2＝－0.133，P ＜0.05）和負性生活事件中健康適應刺激量高（χ2＝0.217，P ＜0.01）的甘肅省少數民族地區農村中小學生 MHT 得分越高。結論甘肅省少數民族地區中小學生心理健康水平整體良好，非留守的甘肅省少數民族地區農村中小學生心理健康水平好于留守學生心理健康水平，該地區中小學生的心理健康水平可能與父母的外齣情況、與父母的關繫以及負性生活事件刺激量相關。
목적：료해감숙성회족지구농촌중소학생심리건강상황，급기여생활사건적관계。방법이감숙성림하회족자치주306명농촌중소학생작위연구대상，채용심리건강진단측험（MHT）화청소년생활사건량표（ASLEC）측량심리건강상황화생활사건，MHT 총분＞65분인정존재심리장애。결과심리문제검출솔위1.31％，녀생적공포경향고우남생[（4.3±2.5）vs （3.6±2.4），P ＜0.05]，한족학생적학습초필고우소수민족학생[（8.4±2.5）vs （7.7±2.3），P ＜0.05]，소학생적공포경향고우초중학생[（4.2±2.4）vs （3.6±2.4）， P ＜0.05]；부모도외출학생적심리건강총분、대인초필、고독경향、신체상황화공포경향고우부모무외출화부모1인재가적학생（P ＜0.01）；부모도외출학생적자책경향고우부모무외출적학생[（5.8±2.1）vs （5.0±2.2）， P ＜0.05]；여부모감정친밀학생적심리건강총분저우여부모감정흔담적학생[（39.3±12.2）vs （48.8±5.8）， P ＜0.05]；여부모감정친밀학생적고독경향저우감정흔담화일반적학생（P ＜0.01）；여부모감정친밀화일반학생적신체증상득분저우감정흔담적학생（P ＜0.01）；상관분석표명감숙성소수민족지구농촌중소학생 MHT 총분여ASLEC 총분급인제관계、건강괄응인자분정정상관（r ＝0.15～0.22，P ＜0.01）；다원축보회귀분석표명，부모외출다（χ2＝0.188，P ＜0.01）、여부모감정담막（χ2＝－0.133，P ＜0.05）화부성생활사건중건강괄응자격량고（χ2＝0.217，P ＜0.01）적감숙성소수민족지구농촌중소학생 MHT 득분월고。결론감숙성소수민족지구중소학생심리건강수평정체량호，비류수적감숙성소수민족지구농촌중소학생심리건강수평호우류수학생심리건강수평，해지구중소학생적심리건강수평가능여부모적외출정황、여부모적관계이급부성생활사건자격량상관。
Objective To understand mental health status and its relationship with life events among students of primary and middle schools in rural minority areas of Gansu Province.Methods 306 students of rural primary and middle schools in Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province were chosen as research subjects.Mental Health Test (MHT)and Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List (ASLEC)were used to measure mental health and life events, and MHT score >65 was used for mental disorder definition.Results The rate of mental disorder in the sample was 1.31%.The score of terror tendency in girls was worse than that in boys [(4.3 ±2.5)vs (3.6 ±2.4),P <0.05].The score of learning anxiety in Han students was worse than that in minority students [(8.4 ±2.5)vs (7.7 ±2.3),P <0.05]. The score of terror tendency in pupils was worse than that in middle school students [(4.2 ±2.4)vs (3.6 ±2.4),P <0.05].The scores of general health,anxiety to people,loneliness tendency,body status and terror tendency in students whose parents were both out of home were worse than that in students whose both parents at home or one of parents out of home in (P <0.01).The score of self-blame tendency in students whose parents were both out of home was worse than that in students whose both parents at home in [(5.8 ±2.1)vs (5.0 ±2.2),P <0.05].The mental health scores of the students who had emotional closeness with parents were lower than those of them who were abepithymia with parents [(39.3 ±12.2)vs (48.8 ±5.8),P <0.05].The score of loneliness tendency in students who had emotional closeness with par-ents was better than the students who was abepithymia with parents and who had general feelings (P <0.01 ).The body symptoms scores of the students who had emotional closeness or who had general feelings with parents were lower than those of them who were abepithymia with parents (P <0.01).The correlation analysis showed that life events were positively cor-related with mental health (r =0.15 ~0.22,P <0.01).The multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the condi-tion of parents staying at home,feelings with children (χ2 =-0.133,P <0.05)and life events could (χ2 =0.217,P <0.01)affect the mental health of the students.Conclusion Mental health of the primary and middle school students in mi-nority rural areas of Gansu are good overall.The mental health status of non-left-behind students is better than left-behind students.Life events and family relationships are important factors that affect mental health.
