CAJ | 학술논문

为探索茯苓的干燥特性，改善茯苓干燥品质，该文将中短波红外联合气体射流干燥技术应用于茯苓块的干燥。利用Dincer模型拟合茯苓块干燥曲线，结合滞后因子、干燥系数分析干燥过程，并估算其水分有效扩散系数。给出Dincer模型的具体应用方法，求出并分析不同干燥条件下的毕渥数、水分有效扩散系数、传质系数。测定干燥后茯苓块的破碎率，及茯苓块浸出物的质量分数。对比分析Fick第二定律、Weibull函数、Dincer模型的优缺点。结果表明：1）与气体射流干燥相比，中短波红外联合气体射流干燥可缩短干燥时间，降低破碎率约18%，提高浸出物质量分数约1%；联合干燥过程亦为降速干燥；试验参数范围内，提高温度、风速均可提高干燥速率；2）滞后因子范围为1.0136～1.0202，且温度、风速越高，干燥速度越快，干燥系数越大；3）联合干燥技术的的毕渥数为0.0826～0.0982，小于0.1，表明干燥过程与边界的对流换热热阻有关。传质系数的范围为1.0319×10-6～1.8003×10-6 m/s。4）基于Fick第二定律、Weibull分布函数、Dincer 模型计算的水分有效扩散系数变化趋势一致，均随温度、风速的升高而增加。Fick 第二定律不要求干燥曲线呈“指数”形式，但仅适用于降速干燥。Weibull 分布函数不考虑边界的对流换热热阻。Weibull 分布函数、Dincer 模型均可应用于非降速干燥，但二者的缺陷是干燥曲线需呈“指数式”拟合。综上所述，中短波红外联合气体射流干燥技术可提高茯苓品质，借助于Weibull函数、Dincer模型可从不同角度更全面地解读干燥过程。研究结果可为Dincer模型在茯苓生产加工过程中联合干燥技术的应用提供参考。
위탐색복령적간조특성，개선복령간조품질，해문장중단파홍외연합기체사류간조기술응용우복령괴적간조。이용Dincer모형의합복령괴간조곡선，결합체후인자、간조계수분석간조과정，병고산기수분유효확산계수。급출Dincer모형적구체응용방법，구출병분석불동간조조건하적필악수、수분유효확산계수、전질계수。측정간조후복령괴적파쇄솔，급복령괴침출물적질량분수。대비분석Fick제이정률、Weibull함수、Dincer모형적우결점。결과표명：1）여기체사류간조상비，중단파홍외연합기체사류간조가축단간조시간，강저파쇄솔약18%，제고침출물질량분수약1%；연합간조과정역위강속간조；시험삼수범위내，제고온도、풍속균가제고간조속솔；2）체후인자범위위1.0136～1.0202，차온도、풍속월고，간조속도월쾌，간조계수월대；3）연합간조기술적적필악수위0.0826～0.0982，소우0.1，표명간조과정여변계적대류환열열조유관。전질계수적범위위1.0319×10-6～1.8003×10-6 m/s。4）기우Fick제이정률、Weibull분포함수、Dincer 모형계산적수분유효확산계수변화추세일치，균수온도、풍속적승고이증가。Fick 제이정률불요구간조곡선정“지수”형식，단부괄용우강속간조。Weibull 분포함수불고필변계적대류환열열조。Weibull 분포함수、Dincer 모형균가응용우비강속간조，단이자적결함시간조곡선수정“지수식”의합。종상소술，중단파홍외연합기체사류간조기술가제고복령품질，차조우Weibull함수、Dincer모형가종불동각도경전면지해독간조과정。연구결과가위Dincer모형재복령생산가공과정중연합간조기술적응용제공삼고。
Poria cocos has a long history of medicinal use in China. It is a kind of edible and pharmaceutical mushroom. Drying process usually affects the chemical and physical properties of the extracts of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Quality control remains a big issue, affecting herbs, formulations, and even the practice of TCM.Poria cocos generally takes almost 7 days to be dried by traditional natural drying and is sensitive to microbial spoilage.Poria cocos blocks (15 mm × 15 mm × 15 mm) are also easily broken at the traditional hot air drying, such as oven drying. A promising solution to the problem is to take advantage of innovative process techniques including alternative drying methods in the pharmaceutical processing. In this work,poria cocos was dried by medium and short infrared wave drying combined with air impingement drying. Dincer’s model was also applied to the drying process and the lag factor (G), drying coefficient (S), Biot number (Bi), moisture effective diffusivity velocity (Deff), mass transfer coefficient (k) were analyzed. TheDeff was also calculated based on Weibull function and Fick’s second law, and there was difference among them. Combined with the GB-4857.5 T-1992Droping Test Method and Pharmacopoeia of People’s Republic of China, the broken rate and the extractum ofporia cocos under different drying conditions were tested. The main results were as follows: 1) Compared with air impingement drying, drying time was shortened by infrared radiation combined with air impingement drying technology, and It could reduce the broken rate by 18% and improve the extractum mass fraction by 1%; the drying process also occurred in the falling rate period; at the range of the testing parameters, the drying rate increased with the increase of temperature and wind speed, but there was not direct correlation between broken rate, extractum content and drying conditions. 2) TheG values of different drying methods were between 1.0136 and 1.0202, steady around 1. Drying coefficient was related to material drying speed; the higher temperature and wind speed, the faster drying ratio and drying coefficient was also larger. 3) The range of combined drying technology’s Biot number was 0.0826-0.0982, lower than 0.1, which indicted the drying process was mainly influenced by external resistances. The range of mass transfer coefficient was 1.0319×10-6-1.8003×10-6 m/s. 4) TheDeff calculated by Fick’s law, Weibull function and Dincer’s model showed a certain regularity, and all of them increased with the increase of temperature and wind speed. Fick’s law and Weibull function didn’t have relation with external resistances; and Fick’s law didn’t require drying curve in “exponential form”, but only was applied in the falling rate drying process. Weibull function and Dincer’s model had a broader application, but they needed drying curve must be exponential fitting. In summary, infrared radiation combined with air impingement drying technology can improve the quality ofporia cocos. The results provide a reference for the application of Dincer’s model onporia cocos drying, and help people to analyze drying process and gain the best drying method.