CAJ | 학술논문

通过扫描与透射电镜观察了糙海参(Holothuria scabra)卵子发生及卵黄发生的过程。结果表明，糙海参卵子属于均黄卵，其卵子发生经历卵原细胞、卵黄发生前卵母细胞、卵黄发生期卵母细胞3个阶段。其中，卵黄发生期卵母细胞分别包括卵黄发生早期、中期、后期卵母细胞3个阶段。卵原细胞核大且呈椭圆形，胞质中只分布少量的线粒体；卵黄发生前卵母细胞内有一个空泡状的生发泡(卵核)；卵黄发生早期，细胞器种类丰富，数量多；卵黄发生中期，卵黄合成旺盛，是内源性卵黄大量形成的阶段，多种细胞器活跃参与形成卵黄；卵黄发生后期，细胞体积最大，细胞核明显，且位于胞质中间或者靠近动物极突。高尔基体、线粒体及核糖体是形成内源性卵黄最主要的细胞器。卵质膜通过胞饮作用参与外源性卵黄的形成。本结果可为糙海参繁殖生物学和人工繁殖提供参考。
통과소묘여투사전경관찰료조해삼(Holothuria scabra)란자발생급란황발생적과정。결과표명，조해삼란자속우균황란，기란자발생경력란원세포、란황발생전란모세포、란황발생기란모세포3개계단。기중，란황발생기란모세포분별포괄란황발생조기、중기、후기란모세포3개계단。란원세포핵대차정타원형，포질중지분포소량적선립체；란황발생전란모세포내유일개공포상적생발포(란핵)；란황발생조기，세포기충류봉부，수량다；란황발생중기，란황합성왕성，시내원성란황대량형성적계단，다충세포기활약삼여형성란황；란황발생후기，세포체적최대，세포핵명현，차위우포질중간혹자고근동물겁돌。고이기체、선립체급핵당체시형성내원성란황최주요적세포기。란질막통과포음작용삼여외원성란황적형성。본결과가위조해삼번식생물학화인공번식제공삼고。
Ultrastructure changes of oocytes during oogenesis and vitellogenesis in sea cucumber Holothuria scabra were studied by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). The results show that oocyte of H. Scabra belongs to isolecithal egg and its oogenesis includes following three stages: oogonium, pre-vitellogenic oocyte and vitellogenic oocyte, and that the stage of vitellogenic oocyte includes early vitellogenic oocyte, mid vitellogenic oocyte and late vitellogenic oocyte. Besides a large and oval nucleus, oogonium contains fewer mitochondrias in this stage. The nuclear of pre-vitellogenic oocyte contains a vacuolated nucleoli, also known as a germinal vesicle. At the early stage of vitellogenesis, various well-developed organelles emerge in cytoplasm. At the stage of mid vitellogenic oocyte, active endogenous yolk formation greatly occurs and many kinds of organelles directly participate in this process. At the stage of late vitellogenic oocyte, the oocytes are the biggest and contain fewer numbers of organelles, and the germinal vesicle of eccentric position is near the basal protuberance. Golgi apparatus, mitochondrias and ribsome are the dominant organelles, which take part in the formation of endogenous yolk, while active microphagocytosis of plasma membrane play the main role in forming exogenous yolk.