CAJ | 학술논문

目的了解近年国内毒蕈中毒病例的临床特征及中毒事件的流行病学特征，为毒蕈中毒的临床分型和预防、治疗提供依据。方法分析总结2000~2013年毒蕈中毒病例中文文献资料，对毒蕈中毒的地区分布、毒蕈种类、主要临床特征、影响的器官系统、治疗方法、鉴定、属种分类等方面进行分析。结果文献共报道毒蕈中毒病例3923例，总体病死率为15.98%；全国共有28个省、自治区/直辖市有毒蕈中毒病例报道，毒蕈中毒发病率和病死率区域分布特征明显；鹅膏菌引起的中毒居首位，临床表现以胃肠道类型和肝肾损害类型多见；尚无特效解毒药；毒蕈鉴定目前主要以形态学鉴定为主，相关毒素检测能力欠缺。结论毒蕈中毒区域特征明显，目前的临床分型方法尚不能涵盖所有的毒蕈中毒表现，毒蕈的鉴定检测水平有待提高。毒蕈中毒救治缺乏有效的治疗手段和解毒药物，救治水平和相关研究亟待提高。
목적료해근년국내독심중독병례적림상특정급중독사건적류행병학특정，위독심중독적림상분형화예방、치료제공의거。방법분석총결2000~2013년독심중독병례중문문헌자료，대독심중독적지구분포、독심충류、주요림상특정、영향적기관계통、치료방법、감정、속충분류등방면진행분석。결과문헌공보도독심중독병례3923례，총체병사솔위15.98%；전국공유28개성、자치구/직할시유독심중독병례보도，독심중독발병솔화병사솔구역분포특정명현；아고균인기적중독거수위，림상표현이위장도류형화간신손해류형다견；상무특효해독약；독심감정목전주요이형태학감정위주，상관독소검측능력흠결。결론독심중독구역특정명현，목전적림상분형방법상불능함개소유적독심중독표현，독심적감정검측수평유대제고。독심중독구치결핍유효적치료수단화해독약물，구치수평화상관연구극대제고。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of mushroom poisoning cases in recent years, provide the basis for clinical treatment of mushroom poisoning prevention and classification. Method Analyzed mushroom poisoning cases reported in Chinese journal databases from 2000 to 2013, analyzed regional distribution, mushroom types, main clinical features, effect of organ systems, treatment methods, identifi-cation, classification and other aspects of mushroom poisoning. Result A total of 3923 mushroom poisoning cases were reported, the overall mortality rate was 15. 98%; mushroom poisoning cases were reported in 28 provinces, morbidity and mortality of mushroom poisoning presented different regional distribution; amanita poisoning ranked first, gastrointestinal type and liver and kidney damage types of clinical manifestations were common;there was no specific antidote;mushroom identification at present is mainly morphological identification, lack of the ability to de-tect the related toxins. Conclusion Regional characteristics of mushroom poisoning is obvious, The current clinical typing methods can not cover all of the mushroom poisoning performance. Identification and detection of poisonous mushroom should be improved. There are no effective treatment and specific antidotes of poisoning mushroom, treat-ment and related research needs to be improved.