光谱学与光谱分析
光譜學與光譜分析
광보학여광보분석
SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS
2015年
6期
1669-1676
,共8页
尚坤%张霞%孙艳丽%张立福%王树东%庄智
尚坤%張霞%孫豔麗%張立福%王樹東%莊智
상곤%장하%손염려%장립복%왕수동%장지
高光谱遥感%植被精细分类%植被特征库构建%光谱维优化%空间维优化
高光譜遙感%植被精細分類%植被特徵庫構建%光譜維優化%空間維優化
고광보요감%식피정세분류%식피특정고구건%광보유우화%공간유우화
Hyperspectral image%Sophisticated vegetation classification%Construction of feature band set%Optimization of spectral-dimension%Optimization of spatial-dimension
目前,高光谱数据精细分类面临两方面问题:一方面,传统单纯利用光谱信息的分类往往难以满足各应用行业对精度的需求,另一方面,基于像元的分类结果受制于椒盐噪声,影响其有效应用。为此,提出了一种基于植被特征库构建与优化的高光谱植被精细分类策略。首先,从高光谱影像中的原始光谱特征出发,结合灰度共生矩阵和局域指示空间分析两类纹理特征,并有针对性地加入了对植被叶绿素、胡萝卜素、花青素和氮素叶面积指数等理化参量敏感的光谱指数特征,构建了完备的植被特征库,以提高植被类别间的可分性;进而对植被特征库进行光谱维优化,提出了基于类对可分性的光谱维优化算法,选择对各类对具有最高识别能力的特征波段,通过迭代使各类别间均达到较高的区分度,并利用最优索引因子法进一步降低数据冗余,以提高分类效率;在进行植被特征库空间维优化时,主要基于地物分布通常具有一定的空间连续性这一理论,提出了基于邻域光谱角距离的植被特征库空间维优化算法,以去除分类结果中的椒盐噪声,提高分类精度和分类图像平滑度。基于航空高光谱数据的植被精细分类验证表明,该方法可以显著提高分类精度,在作物品种识别、精准农业等方面将具有广泛的应用前景。
目前,高光譜數據精細分類麵臨兩方麵問題:一方麵,傳統單純利用光譜信息的分類往往難以滿足各應用行業對精度的需求,另一方麵,基于像元的分類結果受製于椒鹽譟聲,影響其有效應用。為此,提齣瞭一種基于植被特徵庫構建與優化的高光譜植被精細分類策略。首先,從高光譜影像中的原始光譜特徵齣髮,結閤灰度共生矩陣和跼域指示空間分析兩類紋理特徵,併有針對性地加入瞭對植被葉綠素、鬍蘿蔔素、花青素和氮素葉麵積指數等理化參量敏感的光譜指數特徵,構建瞭完備的植被特徵庫,以提高植被類彆間的可分性;進而對植被特徵庫進行光譜維優化,提齣瞭基于類對可分性的光譜維優化算法,選擇對各類對具有最高識彆能力的特徵波段,通過迭代使各類彆間均達到較高的區分度,併利用最優索引因子法進一步降低數據冗餘,以提高分類效率;在進行植被特徵庫空間維優化時,主要基于地物分佈通常具有一定的空間連續性這一理論,提齣瞭基于鄰域光譜角距離的植被特徵庫空間維優化算法,以去除分類結果中的椒鹽譟聲,提高分類精度和分類圖像平滑度。基于航空高光譜數據的植被精細分類驗證錶明,該方法可以顯著提高分類精度,在作物品種識彆、精準農業等方麵將具有廣汎的應用前景。
목전,고광보수거정세분류면림량방면문제:일방면,전통단순이용광보신식적분류왕왕난이만족각응용행업대정도적수구,령일방면,기우상원적분류결과수제우초염조성,영향기유효응용。위차,제출료일충기우식피특정고구건여우화적고광보식피정세분류책략。수선,종고광보영상중적원시광보특정출발,결합회도공생구진화국역지시공간분석량류문리특정,병유침대성지가입료대식피협록소、호라복소、화청소화담소협면적지수등이화삼량민감적광보지수특정,구건료완비적식피특정고,이제고식피유별간적가분성;진이대식피특정고진행광보유우화,제출료기우류대가분성적광보유우화산법,선택대각류대구유최고식별능력적특정파단,통과질대사각유별간균체도교고적구분도,병이용최우색인인자법진일보강저수거용여,이제고분류효솔;재진행식피특정고공간유우화시,주요기우지물분포통상구유일정적공간련속성저일이론,제출료기우린역광보각거리적식피특정고공간유우화산법,이거제분류결과중적초염조성,제고분류정도화분류도상평활도。기우항공고광보수거적식피정세분류험증표명,해방법가이현저제고분류정도,재작물품충식별、정준농업등방면장구유엄범적응용전경。
There are two major problems of sophisticated vegetation classification (SVC) using hyperspectral image .Classification results using only spectral information can hardly meet the application requirements with the needed vegetation type becoming more sophisticated .And applications of classification image are also limit‐ed due to salt and pepper noise .Therefore the SVC strategy based on construction and optimization of vegeta‐tion feature band set (FBS) is proposed .Besides spectral and texture features of original image ,30 spectral in‐dices which are sensitive to biological parameters of vegetation are added into FBS in order to improve the sepa‐rability between different kinds of vegetation .And to achieve the same goal a spectral‐dimension optimization algorithm of FBS based on class‐pair separability (CPS) is also proposed .A spatial‐dimension optimization al‐gorithm of FBS based on neighborhood pixels’ spectral angle distance (NPSAD) is proposed so that detailed information can be kept during the image smoothing process .The results of SVC experiments based on air‐borne hyperspectral image show that the proposed method can significantly improve the accuracy of SVC so that some widespread application prospects like identification of crop species ,monitoring of invasive species and precision agriculture are expectable .