CAJ | 학술논문

根据因果共犯论，共同正犯“部分实行全部责任”归责原则的法理根据在于各行为与法益侵害结果之间的因果性。我国立法明确否定共同过失犯罪，故解释论上难以肯定过失共同正犯，但司法实务中所讨论的过失共同正犯的实例，常常存在回避结果发生的义务违反，因而完全可以以过失的同时犯对结果承担责任；肇事“逃逸”的罪过形式是故意而非过失，故指使“逃逸”可以成立共犯。只要片面行为与结果之间存在物理的因果性，就应肯定片面共同正犯的成立。承继共犯正犯否定说是因果共犯论的当然归结，因而利用被害人不能反抗的状态中途参与取财的，仅成立盗窃罪共同正犯，而非抢劫罪共同正犯；未参与盗窃仅事后参与暴力的，不成立事后抢劫的共犯。
근거인과공범론，공동정범“부분실행전부책임”귀책원칙적법리근거재우각행위여법익침해결과지간적인과성。아국입법명학부정공동과실범죄，고해석론상난이긍정과실공동정범，단사법실무중소토론적과실공동정범적실례，상상존재회피결과발생적의무위반，인이완전가이이과실적동시범대결과승담책임；조사“도일”적죄과형식시고의이비과실，고지사“도일”가이성립공범。지요편면행위여결과지간존재물리적인과성，취응긍정편면공동정범적성립。승계공범정범부정설시인과공범론적당연귀결，인이이용피해인불능반항적상태중도삼여취재적，부성립도절죄공동정범，이비창겁죄공동정범；미삼여도절부사후삼여폭력적，불성립사후창겁적공범。
In accordance with the causation theory on joint principal offenders,these offenders should par-tially assume the whole liabilities according to such legal principle that there is causality between individual con-ducts and infringement of legal interests. Since the joint negligent offenders are specifically negated by legisla-tion in China,the joint negligent principal offenders are hard to understand by interpretive theory. However,in practice due to violating obligations to avoid damage from occurring,the concurrent negligent offenders can be definitely convicted to assume liabilities. The mentality of“escaping”from traffic accidents is deliberate rather than negligent,so the conduct of instructing“escaping”can be convicted as joint offenders. Therefore,the par-tially joint principal offenders should be convicted so long as the partial conduct has physical causality with dam-ages. The negation of successive joint principal offenders is a natural conclusion reached by causation theory of joint offenders,thus in case the victim cannot resist,the offender who participates in obtaining property can be only convicted as the joint principal offender of theft rather than of robbery. Accordingly,offenders participating violence afterwards rather than stealing cannot be convicted as joint offenders for afterwards robbery.