CAJ | 학술논문

制革工业是我国国民经济的传统产业，制革废水已成为工业废水的重要组成部分。现阶段对于制革废水的研究多关注于进水和出水的水质状况，对于废水处理过程溶解性有机物（DOM ）的转化规律和净化行为涉及很少。通过紫外光谱和三维荧光光谱跟踪识别制革废水不同处理工段水体DOM的生成特性，尝试建立总荧光强度与水质参数的线性关系。结果表明：废水DOM 的吸光度随着紫外波长的增加先上升后下降，最大吸收峰位于230 nm附近。A253／A203比值和SUVA254的参数值先增大后减小，暗示了废水游离取代基和芳环取代基种类和数量的变化。废水原水荧光峰主要出现在λex／em ＝320～350／440～460和λex／em ＝270～300／390～420区域，分别归属为可见光区类腐殖酸荧光峰和可见光区类富里酸荧光峰。随着废水处理过程的进行，相继检测到类腐殖酸荧光峰蓝移（水解酸化池）、类色氨酸荧光峰（λex／em ＝290／340，二级生化池）、弱荧光峰（λex／em ＝350／520，四级生化池）以及荧光特性趋于稳定（二沉池和出水口）等现象，证实了废水有机物的降解特性和生成规律对荧光图谱的影响。制革废水总荧光强度去除率与总有机碳去除率的线性关系更好，相关系数 r为0.8355。紫外光谱和荧光光谱能在一定程度上揭示制革废水的净化规律和机制。
제혁공업시아국국민경제적전통산업，제혁폐수이성위공업폐수적중요조성부분。현계단대우제혁폐수적연구다관주우진수화출수적수질상황，대우폐수처리과정용해성유궤물（DOM ）적전화규률화정화행위섭급흔소。통과자외광보화삼유형광광보근종식별제혁폐수불동처리공단수체DOM적생성특성，상시건립총형광강도여수질삼수적선성관계。결과표명：폐수DOM 적흡광도수착자외파장적증가선상승후하강，최대흡수봉위우230 nm부근。A253／A203비치화SUVA254적삼수치선증대후감소，암시료폐수유리취대기화방배취대기충류화수량적변화。폐수원수형광봉주요출현재λex／em ＝320～350／440～460화λex／em ＝270～300／390～420구역，분별귀속위가견광구류부식산형광봉화가견광구류부리산형광봉。수착폐수처리과정적진행，상계검측도류부식산형광봉람이（수해산화지）、류색안산형광봉（λex／em ＝290／340，이급생화지）、약형광봉（λex／em ＝350／520，사급생화지）이급형광특성추우은정（이침지화출수구）등현상，증실료폐수유궤물적강해특성화생성규률대형광도보적영향。제혁폐수총형광강도거제솔여총유궤탄거제솔적선성관계경호，상관계수 r위0.8355。자외광보화형광광보능재일정정도상게시제혁폐수적정화규률화궤제。
Tannery industry is one of the major traditional industries and important wastewater sources in China .The existing research mainly focus on the quality of inlet and outlet water ,rather than the purification and transformation behavior of dis‐solved organic matter (DOM ) in the treatment process of tannery wastewater .The UV spectra and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to detect the spectral characteristics of water samples in the treatment process ,and it is analyzed that the formation process and the linear relationships between total fluorescence intensity and parameters .The results showed :the UV absorbance of DOM in wastewater increased firstly and then decreased with longer wavelength ,and the wave peaks were found around the wavelength of 230 nm .The values of A253/A203 and SUVA254 increased firstly and then decreased ,indicating the complex reaction process related to free substituent and aromatic rings .The fluorescence peaks appeared at the regions of λex/em =320~350/440~460 and λex/em = 270~300/390~420 ,referred as visible humic‐like and visible fulvic‐like fluorescence ,respectively .With the treatment process of tannery wastewater ,the following fluorescence phenomenon were monitored ,such as the blue‐shift of hu‐mic‐like fluorescence peak in the hydrolytic acidification tank ,the appearance of tryptophan fluorescence peak in the second bio‐chemical pond (λex/em =290/340) ,the weak fluorescence peak in the fourth biochemical pond (λex/em =350/520) and the stabilized fluorescence characteristics in the secondary sedimentation tank and water outlet .The achievements are helpful to investigate the degradation and formation behavior of water components ,and significant for the fluorescence variation analysis in the treatment system .The removal rate of total fluorescence intensity of tannery wastewater fit better the removal rate of TOC with coefficient of r 0.835 5 . The UV spectra and 3D‐EEMs are effective to reveal the purification behavior and mechanism of tannery wastewater .