CAJ | 학술논문

为了避免波浪、潮汐、海流等外载荷力的作用，海底管道通常需要进行埋设，一般采用的埋设方法需要用到机械设备，为了保证经济性，英国北海首次采用了在管道上方加载阻流器的方法来实现管道的自埋，并取得了良好的经济效益和环保效果，我国首次应用此技术是在杭州湾海底管道的铺设中，为保证该技术得以广泛应用，在介绍管道自埋机理的基础上，应用流体力学软件 FLUENT 对有无阻流器的海底管道进行数值模拟，依次将海床假想为固壁及实际泥沙海床两种情况，模拟得出这两种条件下的壁面海床剪应力、管道外表面压力系数、管道正下方水流流速以及管道下方的冲刷坑形态等数据，从而对比说明阻流器的加载对管道自埋的促进作用。阻流器的加载会导致管道上部压力系数增大，引起升力系数下降，也会使得管道底部水流流速增大，引起固壁海床剪应力增大，泥沙海床冲刷坑也明显加深，在自重的作用下，管道的下沉速度较快，从而实现自埋。
위료피면파랑、조석、해류등외재하력적작용，해저관도통상수요진행매설，일반채용적매설방법수요용도궤계설비，위료보증경제성，영국북해수차채용료재관도상방가재조류기적방법래실현관도적자매，병취득료량호적경제효익화배보효과，아국수차응용차기술시재항주만해저관도적포설중，위보증해기술득이엄범응용，재개소관도자매궤리적기출상，응용류체역학연건 FLUENT 대유무조류기적해저관도진행수치모의，의차장해상가상위고벽급실제니사해상량충정황，모의득출저량충조건하적벽면해상전응력、관도외표면압력계수、관도정하방수류류속이급관도하방적충쇄갱형태등수거，종이대비설명조류기적가재대관도자매적촉진작용。조류기적가재회도치관도상부압력계수증대，인기승력계수하강，야회사득관도저부수류류속증대，인기고벽해상전응력증대，니사해상충쇄갱야명현가심，재자중적작용하，관도적하침속도교쾌，종이실현자매。
In order to avoid the external forces of wave, tide and current loads, the submarine pipeline usually needs to be buried. The buried process usually needs to use mechanical equipments. For ensuring economy, the self-burial of pipeline was firstly realized by loading a spoiler on the pipe in UK North Sea, and good economic benefit and environmental protection effect were achieved. The first application of this technique in China was to lay Hangzhou Bay’s submarine pipeline. To popularize the technology, the fluid dynamics software FLUENT was used to simulate the pipeline with a spoiler or not on the basis of introducing the self-burial mechanism of pipeline. The seabed was assumed to be solid wall and actual sediment in turn. Then the wall shear stress, the pressure coefficient of pipeline external surface, the flow rate under the pipeline and the scour pits morphology under the pipe were obtained. By contrasting, it can be seen that spoiler adding can promote the self-burial of pipeline. The loading of spoiler can lead to the upper pressure coefficient increasing of pipeline which will cause the lift coefficient decrease, increase the flow rate under the pipeline to cause the wall shear stress increase, the scour pits of sediment seabed will significantly deepened. Therefore, under the action of self-weight, the sinking speed of pipe is faster, and the pipeline realizes self-burial.